What type of intermolecular forces are found in the following? (a) Chloroform, (

Question

What type of intermolecular forces are found in the following? (a) Chloroform, (b) Fluorine, F_2 (c) Benzene, (d) Methylamine, (e) Methyl ethyl ketone, What is the van't Hoff factor, i, in for each of the following compounds as solutions in water? (a) NaCl (b) CaCl_2 (c) CuSO_4 (d) C_2H_5OH (ethyl alcohol) Liquids A and B are mixed, according to the following table. P means the vapor pressure when pure. (a) What is the mole fraction of A in the liquid? (b) What is the mole fraction of A in the vapor? The triple point of carbon dioxide is 5.2 atm and-56.4 degree C. The critical point is 73 atm and 31.1 degree C. State the first phase change one would observe if the following are done. (a) CO_2 gas at 20 degree C and 1 atm is compressed at a constant temperature. (b) CO_2 gas at 40 degree C and 1 atm is compressed at a constant temperature. (c) CO_2, gas at 20 degree C and 1 atm is cooled at a constant pressure. (d) CO_2 gas at 20 degree C and 10 atm is cooled at a constant pressure.

Explanation / Answer

Q1

a.

chloroform has a dipole (Cl vs H plarity, there is a difference), therefore, it is dipole-dipole intermolecualr force

b)

F-F; they share their electrons equally, therefore, this must be nonpolar

The intermolecular force is "London dispersion Forces"

c)

Benzene is only nonpolar, so

The intermolecular force is "London dispersion Forces"

d)

Methyl amine has:

polar bonds + hydrogen bonds due to the N-H bonding

so

Dipole + Dipole forces AND Hydrogen bonding

e)

methyl ethyl ketone

This is slightly plar, since C=O will make a negative dipole, whereas the C-H will be a positive dipole

This is dipole-dipole force

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