What is the difference between average rate, initial rate, and instantaneous rat

Question

What is the difference between average rate, initial rate, and instantaneous rate? Ozone decomposes to oxygen according to the equation 2O_3 (g) rightarrow 3O_2, (g). Write the equation that relates the rate expressions for this reaction in terms of the disappearance of and the formation of oxygen. A study of the rate of dimerization of C_4H_6 gave the data shown in the table: Determine the average rate of dimerization between 0 s and 1600 s, and between 1600 s and 3200 s. Estimate the instantaneous rate of dimerization at 3200 s from a graph of time versus [C_4H_6]. What are the units of this rate? Determine the average rate of formation of C_8H_12 at 1600 s and the instantaneous rate of formation at 3200 s from the rates found in parts (a) and (b).

Explanation / Answer

1. Average rate of reaction can be defined as the ratio of change in concentration over a given time interval.

Whereas instantaneous rate is defined as the rate of reaction at any instant of time.

While initial rate is the instantaneous rate at the start of reaction where t=0

2.rate = - 1/2 ([O3]/t)= 1/3 ([O2]/t)

3. Average rate= change in concentration/ time

= (4.96x 10-3)/ 1600 mol /sec

3.1x10-6 mol /sec

For next question just plot the graph and draw the tangent at given point of time to get the instantaneous rate

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