Which of the following has the greatest buffer capacity, that is, which could ab

Question

Which of the following has the greatest buffer capacity, that is, which could absorb the largest molar amounts of acid or base without changing pH significantly? Explain the basis of your choice. a) a mixture of 1.2 moles each of nitric acid and sodium nitrate in 2.0 L of solution. b) one Liter of 1.0 M NH_4Cl to which 2.00 moles of ammonium nitrate have been added. c) one Liter each of 0.80 M NaF and 0.80 M HF mixed in a 2-L beaker. d) one Liter of solution containing 0.500 mole each of citric acid and sodium citrate.

Explanation / Answer

For maximum buffer capacity we need weak acid or weak base along with its conjugate with nearly same amount.

Option A is not suitable since HNO3 is strong acid. Option B is not a buffer . Option D is also not buffer as citric acid conjugate base is monosodium citrate ( in general sodium citrate means trisodium citrate which is not conjugate base of citric acid

Option C is answer

HF is weak acid and NaF is its conjugate base.

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