Which of the following is a function of Angiotensin II: A. acts as a potent vaso

Question

Which of the following is a function of Angiotensin II:

A. acts as a potent vasodilator via smooth muscle inhibition

B. increases urine output via vasopressin activity

C. increases sodium content in the urine

D. stimulates the secretion of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus

E. none of the above

A. acts as a potent vasodilator via smooth muscle inhibition

B. increases urine output via vasopressin activity

C. increases sodium content in the urine

D. stimulates the secretion of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus

E. none of the above

Explanation / Answer

Renin - angiotensin system regulates the hormone and bllod pressure systems. The reduction in the renal blood flow stimulate juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys to convert the prorenin into renin and secrete it directly into the circulation. Plasma renin converts angiotensinogen released by the liver to angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme . Angiotensin II is a   peptide that causes constriction of blood vessels thereby increasing blood pressure. Angiotensin II stimulates the production of the aldosterone hormone from the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone enhances reabsorption of sodium and water by kidney tubules into the blood, and excretes potassium maintaining electrochemical balance. This causes increase in the volume of extracellular fluid in the body, which also increases blood pressure. Hence, option D is correct.

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