What is the IUPAC name for the compound below? (a) 1, 2, 3-trimethyl-1 -pentanal

Question

What is the IUPAC name for the compound below? (a) 1, 2, 3-trimethyl-1 -pentanal (b) 3-(1-methylpropyl)-2-butanone (c) 3, 4-dimethyl-2-hexanone (d) 4-ethyl-3, 4-dimethyl-2-pentanone Which one of these combinations of carbonyl and amine compounds will give an enamine? (a) (b) (c) (d) Aldehydes and ketones react via nucleophilic addition while carboxylic acid derivatives react by nucleophilic substitution. Account for the difference in reaction mechanism. (a) Aldehydes and ketones lack a leaving group. (b) The charge on the carbonyl carbon of aldehydes and ketones is lower than that of carboxylic acids derivatives. (c) Carboxylic acid derivative are more thermodynamically stable than aldehydes and ketones. (d) The pi bond in carboxylic acids is more electron rich tha the pi bonds in aldehydes and ketones.

Explanation / Answer

8. The answer is (c) . Firstly we have to number the carbon atoms in the main skeleton. Here it is 6. So the parent compound is hexane. 2 position is occupied by a keto group and 3,4 positions are occupied by two methyl groups. so the name is 3,4-di methyl-2-hexanone. 9. The answer is (a). Aldehydes and ketones react with secondary(20) amine to give unsaturated compound called enamine. In (b) there is a primary amine.In (c) the ketone lacks of H atom in alpha position , so double bond is not possible in product. In (c) the starting compound is an ester. 10. Answer is (a) .Due to the good polarity of aldehydes and ketones , carbon atom of them are the positive end (electrophilic center) of the molecule and the reactions initiate with the nucleophilic attack and sebsequently nucleophilic addition reactions take place.

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