8. Which of the following INCORRECTLY pairs the hormone(s) needed to achieve the

Question

8. Which of the following INCORRECTLY pairs the hormone(s) needed to achieve the effect listed?

a. active vitamin D—increase in calcium absorption in the small intestine b. active vitamin D and parathyroid hormone—decreased calcium excretion by the kidneys c. parathyroid hormone—production of active vitamin D d. active vitamin D—increased release of calcium from bone

9. Which of the following is NOT true of osteoporosis?

a. In women, low-estrogen levels increase the risk of osteoporosis. b. Men seldom experience osteoporosis. c. Physical inactivity and smoking are risk factors for osteoporosis. d. The risk of death is significantly increased following an osteoporotic bone break.

10. Which of the following is NOT associated with an increased risk of hypertension?

a. low magnesium intake b. African-American descent c. high potassium intake d. over age 50

11. Which of the following CORRECTLY identifies the fluid compartments where the concentration of each electrolyte is highest?

a. chloride: extracellular; potassium: intracellular; sodium: extracellular b. chloride: intracellular; potassium: intracellular; sodium: extracellular c. chloride: intracellular; potassium: extracellular; sodium: intracellular d. chloride: intracellular; potassium: extracellular; sodium: extracellular

12. Which of the following is NOT true of sodium?

a. The majority of sodium in our diet is from processed and restaurant foods. b. The sodium intake limit for adults with a normal risk of hypertension is 2300 mg/day. c. Sodium and potassium content of foods tend to be inversely related. d. It is prudent to keep sodium intake as low as possible.

13. Which of the following statements regarding water is NOT true?

a. Osmosis is the movement of water across a membrane toward lower solute concentrations. b. About 60% of our body mass is water. c. About 15% of the mass of adipose tissue is water. d. Women generally have a lower body water content than men.

14. Which of the following choices CORRECTLY ranks the routes of water loss from largest source of water loss to smallest source of water loss, by their average volume?

a. urine, skin, feces, lungs b. urine, skin, lungs, feces c. urine, feces, skin, lungs d. skin, urine, lungs, feces

15. Which of the following is a CORRECT statement regarding the regulation of water balance?

a. Antidiuretic hormone is released by the hypothalamus. b. A change in solute concentrations in blood is sensed by the pituitary. c. Antidiuretic hormone causes the kidneys to excrete less water. d. Antidiuretic hormone stimulates the sensation of thirst.

Explanation / Answer

Ans 8 . C. parathyroid hormone - production of active vitamin D.

Vitamin D in our body is converted into its active form , calcitriol by kidney . Both calcitriol and parathyroid hormone helps to regulate the calcium levels in the blood. In the absence or deficiency of vitamin D , parathyroid gland causes the release of calcium from bones , thus maintaining normal calcium levels in the blood stream.

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