Which of the following are constitutional isomers? A) I, II, and III B) I, III,

Question

Which of the following are constitutional isomers? A) I, II, and III B) I, III, and IV C) only I and III D) all are constitutional isomers The formal charges on the nitrogen and oxygen in the following structures are, respectively: A) +1, -1 B) 0, -1 C) +1, 0 D) 0, 0 Based on the VSEPR model, which of the following species has (have) a trigonal planar geometry? I. BCl_3 II. NH_3 III. NO^-_3 A) only I B) I and II C) I and III D) I, II, and III The H-C-H bond angles in ethylene, C_2H_4, are closet to A) 90 degree. B) 109.5 degree C) 120 degree. D) 180 degree.

Explanation / Answer

2) constitutional isomers are the compounds having same molecular formula , with different structures.(May be chain, position or functional).

Thus option a is the right choice and structure IV does not have same molecular formula.

3) option A

CH3 -C=N-O

formal charge = number of electrons in netral atoms - number of electrons belonging to it after bond formation

Nitrogen has 4 bonds .

F.C on N = 5 -4 (one each from 4 bonds) = +1

F.C on O = 6 -7 (3 lone pairs and one from one bond) = -1

4)OPtion C

BCl3 Central atom B has 3 bond pairs and no lone pairs, thus planar trigonal shape.

NO3- central atom N has 3 bond pairs and no lone pair (one double bond) so trigonal planr.

5) In ethylene, the central atom both carbons are sp2 hybridised and thus the bond angle is 1200.

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