• Analyse the composition of chocolate and its separation using chromatographic
ID: 531877 • Letter: #
Question
• Analyse the composition of chocolate and its separation using chromatographic techniques b. Use wide range of resources - websites, technology based books etc.Even from experiments from websites. • Analyse the composition of chocolate and its separation using chromatographic techniques b. Use wide range of resources - websites, technology based books etc.
Even from experiments from websites. • Analyse the composition of chocolate and its separation using chromatographic techniques b. Use wide range of resources - websites, technology based books etc.
Even from experiments from websites.
Explanation / Answer
The main components in milk chocolate is cocoa butter, sugar, and milk powder.
Cocoa is the most important component, containing theobromine or C7H8N4O2.
Sugar is what sweetens it: C6H12O6+C6H12O6=>C12H22O11+H2O
It also contains a lot of caffeine: C8H10N4O2
Chemistry's Role
Cocoa butter is made from whole cacao beans, which are fermented, then roasted, and finally separated from their hull’s. This is made into chocolate liquor which is pressed to separate cocoa butter from cocoa solids.
Sugar is also a very important part of chocolate. The sugar that is used in our foods is pulled of a plant called sugarcane. The sugarcane gets juiced, then crystallized to make sugar.
Background Research
Chocolate is made from cacao beans. Which are fermented, then dried, then cleaned, and finally roasted. The shells are removed to produce cacao nibs. The nibs are grounded into cocoa mass. The cocoa mass gets liquefied to form chocolate liquor. Which is finally process into cocoa solids and cocoa butter. To make the classic milk chocolate bar, you mix cocoa butter, sugar, and milk powder or condensed milk.
Resources
http://sweets.seriouseats.com/2008/09/chocolate-cocoa-butter-replacements-hersheys.html
ingredients of chocolate
http://www.thehersheycompany.com/about-hershey/our-story/making-our-chocolate.aspx
composition of chocolate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate
information for video, intro, and background.
Methods for Separating Mixtures:
Chromatography separates things dissolved in liquid.
The differences in substances' properties can be exploited to allow separation. Consider these examples:
Other methods.
There are countless other ways to separate mixtures. For instance, gel electrophoresis is used to separate different sized pieces of DNA. They are placed into gel, and an electric current is applied. The smaller pieces move faster and separate from the larger pieces.
Chromatography separates phases dissolved in liquid. If you want to see an example, take a strip of paper and draw a dot on it with a colored marker. Dip the strip into water, and wait a while. You should see the ink separate into different colors as they spread out from the dot.
General Steps in Chemical Analysis
• Formulating the question (Is the water safe to drink?)
• Selecting the analytical method(s) (instrument) to be used.
• Sampling (properly selected sample - garbage in, garbage out)
• Sample preparation (convert sample into form suitable for analysis)
• Analysis (reproducibility, sensitivity, stability)
• Reporting and Interpretation (verbal and written communication)
• Drawing conclusions (What do the results mean?)
Background Research
Chocolate is made from cacao beans. Which are fermented, then dried, then cleaned, and finally roasted. The shells are removed to produce cacao nibs. The nibs are grounded into cocoa mass. The cocoa mass gets liquefied to form chocolate liquor. Which is finally process into cocoa solids and cocoa butter. To make the classic milk chocolate bar, you mix cocoa butter, sugar, and milk powder or condensed milk.
Resources
http://sweets.seriouseats.com/2008/09/chocolate-cocoa-butter-replacements-hersheys.html
ingredients of chocolate
http://www.thehersheycompany.com/about-hershey/our-story/making-our-chocolate.aspx
composition of chocolate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate
information for video, intro, and background.
Methods for Separating Mixtures:
Chromatography separates things dissolved in liquid.
The differences in substances' properties can be exploited to allow separation. Consider these examples:
- A mixture of sand and iron filings can be separated by magnet.
- Salt and sand can be separated by solution (sand will not dissolve in water, salt will)
- Helium can be separated from a mixture with hydrogen by combustion (this is a very dangerous operation, since hydrogen in the presence of oxygen is highly explosive). Hydrogen is flammable, but helium is not.
Other methods.
There are countless other ways to separate mixtures. For instance, gel electrophoresis is used to separate different sized pieces of DNA. They are placed into gel, and an electric current is applied. The smaller pieces move faster and separate from the larger pieces.
Chromatography separates phases dissolved in liquid. If you want to see an example, take a strip of paper and draw a dot on it with a colored marker. Dip the strip into water, and wait a while. You should see the ink separate into different colors as they spread out from the dot.
General Steps in Chemical Analysis
• Formulating the question (Is the water safe to drink?)
• Selecting the analytical method(s) (instrument) to be used.
• Sampling (properly selected sample - garbage in, garbage out)
• Sample preparation (convert sample into form suitable for analysis)
• Analysis (reproducibility, sensitivity, stability)
• Reporting and Interpretation (verbal and written communication)
• Drawing conclusions (What do the results mean?)
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.