Consider the following equilibrium: Use LeChatelier\'s principle to predict whet

Question

Consider the following equilibrium:

Use LeChatelier's principle to predict whether the equilibrium concentration of fluoride ion increases (I), decreases (D), or remains unchanged (U) with each of the following:

a) adding potassium nitrite (a source of nitrite ions)
b) adding nitrous acid
c) removing hydrofluoric acid

Indicate your answers the letters separated by commas. For example, [U,I,D] would imply that the concentration of fluoride ion is unchanged, increases, and decreases in a, b, and c, respectively.

Consider the following equilibrium: HF(aq) NO aq F1 (aq) HNO2(aq) Use Lechatellers prlnciple to predlct whether the equlllbrlu m concentratlon of fluorlde lon Increases (I), decreases (D), or remains unchanged (U) wlth each of the followlng a) adding potasslum nltrlte (a source of nltrite lons) b) adding nitrous acld c) removing hydrofluorlo acld Indicate your answers the letters separated by commas. For example, CU I,D] would imply that the concentration of fluoride ion is unchanged, increases, and decreases in a, b, and c, respectively.

Explanation / Answer

Our reaction is

HF + NO2- in equilibrium with F- + HNO2 (all are in dissolved form in water)

According to Le Chatelier's principle, if any change is happening in a system will equilibrium, the system itself readjust in such a way that to minimize the effect of change and remain in the equilibrium.

a) adding potassium nitrite (Since it is a strong electrolyte it ionizes in water) will result in the increase in concentration on the reactant side. The system readjusts in such a way to minimize this effect by consuming nitrite ions. Thus forward reaction will take place and concentration of fluoride ion increases. Thus answer is [I].

b). Nitrous acid is on the product side of the equilibrium. If we are adding nitrous acid, the backward reaction takes place which consumes fluoride ions. Answer is [D]

c). Since HF us coming on the reactant side, removal of HF results in the backward reaction and it consumes F- ions. Answer is [D]

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