For each of the following systems at equilibrium, find the number of degrees of

Question

For each of the following systems at equilibrium, find the number of degrees of freedom fand give a reasonable choice of the independent intensive variables (Omit consideration of water ionization) (a) an aqueous solution of sucrose, (b) an aqueous solution of sucrose and ribose, (c) solid sucrose and an aqueous solution of sucrose and ribose, (d) solid sucrose, solid ribose, and an aqueous solution of sucrose and ribose, (e) liquid water and water vapor, (0) an aqueous sucrose solution and water vapor, (g) solid sucrose, an aqueous sucrose solution and water vapor, (h) liquid water, liquid benzene (immiscible liquids), and a mixture of the vapors of these two liquids.

Explanation / Answer

a) Degree of freedom, F = C - P + 2
sucrose dissolves in water hence there is 1 phase, P = 1
Components is the number of constituents or chemical speices, C = 2
F = 2 - 1 + 2 = 3

b) P = 1 ; C = 3
F = 3 - 1 + 2 = 4

c) There is solid state of sucrose and mixture of sucrose and aqueous solution so,
P = 2 ; C = 3
F = 3 - 2 + 2 = 3

d) P = 2 ; C = 3
F = 3 - 2 + 2 = 3

e) P = 2 ; C = 1
F = 1 - 2 +2 = 1

f) P = 2 ; C = 2
F = 2 - 2 + 2 = 2

g) P = 3 ; C = 2
F = 2 - 3 + 2 = 1

h) P = 2 ; C = 2
F = 2 -2 + 2 = 2

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