Which of the following is truc about subatomic particles? a. Neutrons have no ch

Question

Which of the following is truc about subatomic particles? a. Neutrons have no charge and are the lightest subatomic particle b. The mass of a neutron nearly equals the mass of a proton. c. Protons are positively charged and the lightest subatomic particle. d. Electrons are negatively charged and are the heaviest subatomic particle. 24. The atomic number of an clement is the total number of which particles in the nuclcus? a. protons b. ncutrons 25. c. electrons d. protons and electrons A reaction in which small nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus is called a. fusion b. background radiation 26. c. fissiorn d. a chemical reaction 131? c. d. 27, What is in the nucleus of an atom of iodine 53 protons, 78 neutrons 78 protons, 53 neutrons 131 protons 53 protons, 53 clectrons a. b. 28. IfE is the symbol for an element, which two of the following symbols represent isotopes of the same clement? 21 3. a. b. 3 and 4 1 and 4 c. d. 2 and 3 1 and 2 An ion is created from a ncutral atom by a. gaining or losing gamma particles b. paining or losing ncutrons 29. gaining or losing protons gaining or losing clectrons c. d. What is the least amount of protection nocessary to stop an alpha particle? a. three inches of lead b. three fect of concrete 30. c. d. single shect of paper single shect of aluminum foil

Explanation / Answer

Solution:- (24) Option B is correct since the neutron is neutral and it's mass is nearly equal the mass of proton.

option A is not correct as neutron is not the lightest subatomic particle.

Option C is not correct as protions are not the lightest subatomic particles.

Option D is not correct as electronss are not the heaviest subatomic particle since it's mass is too low than the proton and neutron masses.

(25) For an element, atomic number = # of protons = # of electrons

mass number = # of protons + # of neutrons

Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus where as electrons are present around the nucleus in different shells.

So, the right option is A( protons, as only these are present in nucleus and atomic number is equal to the number of protons.

(26) The right choice is Fusion as in fusion the small nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus.

for example, 1H1 + 1H3 -----> 2He4 + 0n1

Fission is opposite of fusion as in fission a heavier nucleus breaks into leighter nuclei. For example when neutrons are bombarded on U-238 then it breaks to give Kr-92 and Ba-141 and three new neutrons are formed,

So, the correct choice is A, Fusion.

(27) Mass number of Iodine given here is 131 and it's atomic number from periodic table is 53.

So, protons = 53

electrons = 53

neutrons = 131 - 53 = 78

So, choice A and D are correct.

(28) Isotopes have equal number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Only 1st and 4th have equal atomic numbers means number of protons so they are isotopes.

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