Eugenol, the essential oil found in cloves, can be av, plu- n 400-or-content-nu-

Question

Eugenol, the essential oil found in cloves, can be av, plu- n 400-or-content-nu-40 / 5053_c/ courses/ 1 7 96 1/Steam%20Distillation%20opi 1. Eugenol, the essential oil found in cloves, can be isolated by steam distillation because it is insolble in water, has a much higher boiling point than water, and a measurable vapor pressure at 100°C. Looking at data from the table below, estimate the temperature at which a mixture of eugenol and water will bol eugenol a. signifcantly less than 100°c. b. slightly more than 100°c c. significantly more than 100°C but less than 254°c. d. sightly less than 100°C. e. slightly less than 254°C waler eugenol Molar mass 18 gimol 164 gml Boling port 100 254 Vapor pressure 760 mmHigl 40 mmHg at 100 2. Recall that inmsc ble lquids don't folow Raoult's law; the minture of water and eugenol boils when the combined vapor pressure of the components equals atmospheric pressure. There fore, the mole fraction of the distilhte is independent of the ratio of the two liquids and depends only on the vapor pressures or the components. With that in mind, use the equation below, with data from the table to cakculate the mole fraction of eugenol in the distilate. 3. Cakulate the nass pencent of eugenol in the distillate. 4. Would you recommend steam distillation or simple distllation for the Why? purification of Eugsnot S. Cakubte the specific rotation of a compound of molecular wejght 180 gn/mok if a L.0M solution in a I dm tube gihes an observed rotation of2.5" e@@ a TOLL FREE 1-877

Explanation / Answer

ans is e) slightly less than boiling point of water.

Since eugenol is not soluble in water, the concentration of the eugenol in the vapor over the boiling eugenol–water suspension does not depend on concentration of the eugenol. The relative amounts of eugenol and water in the vapor simply depend on the vapor pressures of the pure materials. The vapor pressure of water at 100 °C is 760 torr, and the vapor pressure of eugenol at 100 °C is approximately 4 torr; therefore, the vapor is roughly 0.5 % eugenol. (Note, the suspension boils when it’s vapor pressure is equal to external pressure. Since both the eugenol and the water are contributing to the vapor pressure of the suspension, the suspension will boil before either pure substance would normally boil.)

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