A plot of atomic volumes versus atomic weight is shown below. Discuss the relati

Question

A plot of atomic volumes versus atomic weight is shown below. Discuss the relationship between this plot and the periodic law.

9.10 Restate the periodic law in your own words. .11 A plot of atomic volumes versus atomic weight is shown relationship between this plot and the periodic law. (FigG -right© 1958. D.H.D. Roller, and D. Roller, Foundations of Modern Physical Science, p. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.) ure from 421. Copyrigi Cs 70 60 Rb 50 40 30 20 Sr etc. Li F Sb 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 Atomic weight of elements Sunnose the aluue ofthe atomic yolum ofuu

Explanation / Answer

In this chart IA group elements are Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs. In generally in the groups from top to bottom atomic volume increases due to new energy shells are added to the atom.

Ex: Electronic configuration of IA group elements is: Li [He]2S1

Na [Ne]3S1

like Cs [Xe]6S1

in Li element outer most energy shell is n = 2, in Na n = 3 and in Cs n = 6. so outermost energy shell number is increases from top to bottom, so volume and atomic weight increases.

In periods atomic number increses, but outermost energy level is not change. atomic number increses but atomic volume decreses due to the outermost energy level does not change.

for example, electronic configuration of the Li: 1s22s1

Be: 1s22s2

B: 1s22s22p1

C: 1s22s22p2

same as in F: 1s22s22p5

in the Li and F, outermost energy level is same i.e. n = 2. in the Li number of protans are 3 but number of protons in F is 9. proton number increases so nuclear charge increases, then atomic volume decreses.

therefore in the period Nuclear charge increses, atomic radius decreses and atomic weight increses.

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