Which of the following solutions will have the highest boiling point? Hint: Reca

Question

Which of the following solutions will have the highest boiling point?

Hint: Recall that the magnitude of a colligative property is dependent on the number of particles in solution.

D. 0.100 M HCl(aq) (hydrochloric acid)

A. 0.100 M KCl(aq) (potassium chloride in water) The vapor pressure of a 1 Mionic solution is different from the vapor pressure of a 1 M nonelectrolyte solution. In both cases, the solute is nonvolatile. Which set of diagrams in Figure 1 (below) best represents the differences between the two solutions and their vapors? Ionic solute Nonionic solute Ionic solute Nonionic solute Solvent particles Ionic solute Nonionic solute • Solute particles Nonionic solute Ionic solute Figure 1. Vapor pressure above solutions of nonvolatile electrolytes (ionic) and nonelectrolytes. Option (b) best represents 1 Mionic and nonionic solutions, and the resulting relative vapor pressures. O Option (c) best represents 1 Mionic and nonionic solutions, and the resulting relative vapor pressures. Option (a) best represents 1 Mionic and nonionic solutions, and the resulting relative vapor pressures. O Option (d) best represents 1 Mionic and nonionic solutions, and the resulting relative vapor pressures.

Explanation / Answer

This question involves elevation in boiling point

delta Tb = i*Kb*m
i is number of particle a molecule dissociates into
Kb is constant
m is molality ( we can take it same as molarity here)

So, the one will greater i value will have greater delta Tb and hence greater boiling point

KCl dissociates into K+ and Cl- (i=2)
C2H5OH do not dissociate (i=1)
Ca(NO3)2 dissociates into Ca2+ and 2 NO3- (i=3)
HCl dissociates into H+ and Cl- (i=2)

So, Ca(NO3)2 will have highest boiling point

Answer: Ca(NO3)2

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