Public health officials are concerned about a summer outbreak of a virus transmi

Question

Public health officials are concerned about a summer outbreak of a virus transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. The officials establish mosquito traps in wooded areas to determine the prevalence of the virus in the mosquitoes. This mosquito trapping is an example of:

passive surveillance

active surveillance

a retrospective cohort study

a prospective cohort study

During the previous six years, 1-3 cases per year of XYZ syndrome had been reported to a state health department from the provider community. XYZ syndrome is a notifiable disease. During the past 3 months, 17 cases have been reported. All but two of these cases have been reported from one county. The local newspaper carried an article about one of the first reported cases, a young girl. Which of the following are possible causes of increases in the reported cases.

1. XYZ syndrome is infectious, and the cases are part of an outbreak.

2. The article prompted people who had the symptoms of XYZ to get treatment, so more cases were diagnosed.

3. Providers became aware that the syndrome was in the community and that it was a notifiable disease. They were on the lookout for symptoms of XYZ and were more likely to diagnose it and report it.

a. 1 only

b. 1 and 2 only

c. 2 and 3 only

d. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation / Answer

1. c. a retrospective cohort study

In a retrospective study, the future prevalence is assessed and the disease is previously occured, known about the latent period, exposure and outcome.

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