You have been recently promoted to the position of a Network Administrator of a

Question

You have been recently promoted to the position of a Network Administrator of a network which has 15 Windows Servers 2012 EE & 200 Windows 7 workstations.   Your company will give a tour to the students in a local college for students who are studying computer networking. Your supervisor asks you to prepare a presentation on DHCP. She wants you to explain to the students why do you need to implement DHCP and what are the new features in Windows Server 2012. You also are to explain the four steps in DHCP: DORA, what each letter stand for and what happens in each step. Some of the additional insights that you have been asked to include are: Why do you need DHCP Relay agent in some networks? How will DHCP provide support for laptop users while they connect remotely? If an initial design of DHCP was running out of DHCP addresses, what steps will you take to remedy the situation? What are the differences between sub-netting and super-netting? Will you recommend the students to run the DHCP server from a Domain Controller? Please justify your answer.

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

Why do you need to implement DHCP and what are the new features in Windows Server 2012.

NEED TO IMPLEMENT DHCP:

·         DHCP eliminates manual configuration on TCP/IP networks allowing automatic IP configuration settings.

·         If you want to connect any new device (desktops, laptops, tablets, Smartphone etc) on the network, the device should be configured with network settings properly including

IP addresses

  Subnet mask

  DNS server address

  Default gateway

·         If the organization has 100’s or 1000’s of devices then configuring the network for these devices will be tedious.

·         With the help of DHCP, we can make network settings be automatic when the device is connected on the network.

·         When the network settings have been changed we update the settings in the DHCP server thus it updates the information on the connected device without need for direct change by the user.

NEW FEATURES OF DHCP IN WINDOWS SERVER 2012:

The following are new features of DHCP in windows Server 2013,

  DHCP failover

In this case service is provided by 2 DHCP servers and they configure to the same subnet, so it enables the user continuous availability of service. If one server is failed the other server takes responsibility of providing service to the entire network.

Policy based assignment

When a new DHCP request is placed on the network the DHCP server validates the requests against the defined policies.

Windows PowerShell for DHCP Server

For easing DHCP server management the windows server 2012 provides a number of task oriented PowerShell cmdlets. So there are 103 cmdlets are provided by the windows server 2012 so that easing the DHCP Server configuration and management.

explain the four steps in DHCP: DORA

DORA is a step by step process by which a DHCP-client is assigned an IP address by DHCP server.

DORA stands for:

D=>Discover Packet: a DHCP client broadcasts discover packet to find the DHCP-server on the network. The available DHCP servers receive the packet and responds.

O=>Offer Packet: it is unicasted by the DHCP Server who received Discover Packet. The IP address offered by the server to the client is contained in the Offer Packet.

R=>Request Packet. It is also a unicast packet. It is sent by the DHCP client to DHCP server who has sent the offer to the DHCP client. With the help of this packet the client requested the server to indicate the offered IP-address to assign it.

A=>Acknowledge Packet. Again it is a unicast packet send by DHCP Server to the client indicating the acknowledgement for the offered IP address assignment to the client for some specific time.

Why do you need DHCP Relay agent in some networks?

With the help of the DHCP Relay Agent DHCP server& client can be placed in different networks.

By communicating with DHCP-server when the broadcast messages needs to be routed to remote-segments, the Relay Agent act like a DHCP proxy for the messages to be broadcasted.

How will DHCP provide support for laptop users while they connect remotely?

With the help of Routing and Remote Access Server the DHCP provides dynamic IP address to the remotely connected laptops.

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