A 32-year-old male presents to your office for initial evaluation. He is a busy

Question

A 32-year-old male presents to your office for initial evaluation. He is a busy systems analyst for a computer manufacturer who travels a lot, and puts in many hours of work with inadequate rest. He is mildly obese but continues to have a poor diet. He eats fatty foods and docs not exercise, aside from when he is running late to an appointment. He snacks often on salty foods. For the past two months, he complains of feeling weak, and occasionally experiences light-headedness and dizziness that is accentuated when rising from a supine position. Eventually, his appetite begins to wane and he starts losing weight. He is having common episodes of diarrhea. His colleagues and friends notice that he looks tan. despite spending little time in the sun. He complains about cold weather and tries to avoid cold climates and temperatures. He is considering relocating to a warmer region. What hormones are related to sodium balance? What conditions might be causing the dizziness and weakness? How does knowing that the dizziness is related to changes in position help determine the cause? Which cells in his skin are responsible for the production of a tan? What is hypothermia and what causes it? While attending a meeting in Denver, he presents to the emergency room complaining of feeling weak; congestion in his head and chest; and severe abdominal, back, and leg pain. His blood pressure is 70/50 mmHg, respiratory rate is 20. Appropriate labs are ordered. Results: Sodium (Na) = 120 mEq/1 Hematocrit = 59 Potassium (K> 6.0 mEq/1 WBC count = 6000 Ratio of serum Na:K = 25:1 Decreased plasma cortisol and aldosterone Urine shows increased excretion of Na and decreased excretion of K Low levels of hydroxycorticosteroids What might be causing the pain in the abdomen, back, and legs? The viral infection poses a kind of stress Why might the patient have such a severe reaction? How do the abnormal Na and K levels relate to adrenal function? Explain the reasons for the elevated hematocrit level. Why would one see this result in the urine if the adrenal gland is malfunctioning? What is your diagnosis? What is ACTH? Explain why the ACTH level remains elevated. Why would extra salt intake be appropriate following vomiting or diarrhea?

Explanation / Answer

Aldesterone release from adrenal gland. ..

Dehydration or not getting enough fluids

Melanin which is produce through melanogensis.

Hypothermia which is abnormally low body temperature.

When the balance between body's heat production and heat loss tips toward heat loss for a prolonged period,hypothermia can occur.

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