5. Wilkinson and Reillo\'s (1994) experiment on stalk-eyed flies provided eviden

Question

5. Wilkinson and Reillo's (1994) experiment on stalk-eyed flies provided evidence for which of the following key issues regarding sexual selection?

            a. females always prefer to mate with males who have the most extreme phenotypes possible

            b. traits favored by sexual selection can conflict with traits favored by natural selection

            c. sexual selection favors larger body size in males, because larger males are better able to defend the females by keeping other males away from them

            d. genetic drift causes isolated populations to diverge rapidly from one another for both the male trait and female mate choice behavior

            e. a genetic correlation exists between the male trait used for mate attraction, and female mate choice behavior

6. According to the Biological Species Concept, a set of organisms belonging to the same species will tend to look similar to one another as a result of:

            a. asexual reproduction

            b. convergent evolution

            c. directional selection

            d. population bottleneck

            e. regular intermixing of genes

7. Many bacteria have a genome size of roughly 106 to 107 bp of DNA, while humans have about 3 x 109 bp of DNA per haploid cell. This indicates that:

            a. the total number of structural genes in a human is at least 1000 time higher than for a typical bacterium

            b. when life began, all organisms had a large genome size, but microbial species have lost many of their genes over evolutionary time

            c. both within and across major taxonomic groups, there is a strong positive correlation between the complexity of an organism and the amount of DNA in its genome

            d. DNA with no known function for the organism (e.g, from pseudogenes or transposons) is more prevalent in humans than in bacteria

            e. the "C-value paradox" does not apply to bacteria

8. In Saetre et al.'s (1997) study of pied flycatchers and collared flycatchers, comparison of allopatric and sympatric populations showed that:

            a. hybrids had higher fitness in sympatric populations than in allopatric populations

            b. females in allopatric populations showed more discrimination in favor of conspecific birds, when given a choice between males of the two species

            c. birds in sympatric regions preferred to nest the same type of habitat, while allopatric populations tended to nest in distinct habitat types

            d. male color patterns of the two species were more divergent in sympatry

            e. a stable hybrid zone was maintained by migration of juvenile birds into the region of sympatry

9. Which of the following is not an organelle that is the result of endosymbiosis?

a. Mitochondrion

b. Apicoplast

c. Chloroplast  

d. Endoplasmic reticulum

10. In order for a game to be a true prisoner’s dilemma, which of the following conditions must be met?

P = Punishment for mutual defection, R = Reward for mutual cooperation, S = “Sucker’s” payoff, T = Temptation to defect

a. T > R > P > S

b. R > P > S > T

c. S > P > T > R

d. R > P > T > S

Explanation / Answer

5. Wilkinson and Reillo's (1994) experiment on stalk-eyed flies provided evidence for which of the following key issues regarding sexual selection?

The correct options are.......................

            a. females always prefer to mate with males who have the most extreme phenotypes possible

            e. a genetic correlation exists between the male trait used for mate attraction, and female mate choice behavior

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