WilleyPLUS: MyWileyPLUS I Help I Contact Us I Log Felder, Rousseau, Bullard, Ele

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WilleyPLUS: MyWileyPLUS I Help I Contact Us I Log Felder, Rousseau, Bullard, Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, 4e CHEMICAL FUNDAMENTALS (C 217 CALCULATOR STANDARD VIEW PRINTER VERSION BACK NEXT quid extraction is an operation used to separate the components of a liquid mixture of two or more species. n the simplest case, the mixture contains two components: a solute (A) and a liquid solvent (B). The mixture is contacted in an agitated vessle with a second liquid solvent (C) that has two key properties: A dissolves in it, and B is immiscible or nearly immiscible with it. (For example, B may be water, C a hydrocarbon oil, and A a species that has significant solubility in both water and oil.) Some of the A transfers from B to C, and then the B-rich phase (the raffinate) and the C-rich phase (the extract) separate from each other in a settling tank. If the raffinate is then contacted with fresh C in another stage, more A will be transferred from it. This process can be repeated until essentially all of the A has been extracted from the B. Shown below is a flowchart of a process in which acetic acid (aa) is extiracted from a mixture of acetic acid and water (w) into 1-hexanol (h), a iquid immiscible with water. mc (g CeH3OH/ min) me (g/min) XEas (g CH COOH/g) m (g/min) XFaa (g CH,COOH/g) 1-XFaa (g H2O/g) MR (g/min) XRas (g CH,COOH/g) 1-XRas (g H2O/g) Stream Compositions (mass fractions) Stream/Component Solvent (C) Feed (F) Raffinate (R) Extract (E)

Explanation / Answer

Overall balance

mC + mF = mE + mR

380 + mF = 423 + 257

mF = 300 g/min

Acetic acid entering = 300 x 0.145 = 43.5 g/min

Acetic acid in C = 0

Hydrocarbon oil in extract phase = mC = 380 g/min

mE (1-xE) = 380

423(1-xE) = 380

xE = 0.101

Acetic acid in extract phase = mE * xE

= 423*0.101 = 42.723 g/min

Acetic acid balance

Acetic acid in feed = Acetic acid in extract phase + Acetic acid in raffinate phase

43.5 = 42.723 + acetic acid in raffinate phase

acetic acid in raffinate phase = 0.777 g/min

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