Exercise 1 Considering the following solvent pairs, which pairs would form two l

Question

Exercise 1

Considering the following solvent pairs, which pairs would form two layers if mixed together? If they form two layers, which solvent would be on top?

Hexanes and water.

Water and methylene chloride.

Hexanes and methylene chloride.

Methanol and hexanes.

Ethanol and water.

Acetone and toluene.

The partition coefficients for a compound are as follows:

Kcyclohexane/water = 1.7

Ktoluene/water = 12.1

Kdiethyl ether/water = 7.8

For an aqueous mixture of the compound, which solvent system, cyclohexane/water, toluene/water, or diethyl ether/water, could give the most efficient extraction into the organic solvent?

Explanation / Answer

Organic chemistry

The solvents which when combines forms two layers are,

Hexanes and water : Water would be the lower layer (higher density) and upper layer be hexane (lower density)

Water and methylene chloride : methylene chloride would be the lower layer (higher density) and upper layer be water (lower density)

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For an aqeuous system maximum separation efficiency would be for the solvent system which has highest Kd value

toluene/water having Kd of 12.1 would give maximum separation

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