The following data represent short DNA sequences from five species: human, chimp

Question

The following data represent short DNA sequences from five species: human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan and baboon. The sequences are each 50bp long and represent a short piece of a novel gene located on the Y chromosome. The complete human sequence is given; the sequences for the other four species are show only where they differ from the human sequence. Calculate the genetic difference between each pair of species. (For example, chimps and gorillas differ from each other in 2 out of 50bp, or 4%, so the genetic difference is 0.04). Then use UPGMA clustering to reconstruct the phylogeny for these five species. Draw your tree below.

Explanation / Answer

H------->C 1 out of 50 bp (0.02%)

H------->G 3 out of 50 bp (0.06%)

H-------->O 7 out of 50 bp (0.14%)

H-------->B 12 out of 50 bp (0.24%)

C------->G 2 out of 50 bp (0.04%)

C------->O 6 out of 50 bp (0.12%)

C------->B 11 out of 50 bp (0.22%)

G------->O 4 out of 50 bp (0.08%)

G------->B 9 out of 50 bp (0.18%)

O------->B 8 out of 50 bp (0.16%)

Human<---------- Chimp<------------- Gorilla<----------Orangoton<---------- Baboon

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