statues made of marble (a form of calcium carbonate) are damaged by acid rain be

Question

statues made of marble (a form of calcium carbonate) are damaged by acid rain because the reaction between the sulfuric acid in the rain and calcium carbonate produces soluble calcium sulfate, which washes away: Caco,(s)+H,sO,(ag) Caso, (ag)+CO,(8)+H,00) es to study the rate of this reaction. He prepares four reaction vessels by adding 130.6 g of solid calcium carbonate and 76. mL. of alo S,0 M sufunic acid solution to each, and then filing the remainder of the vessel with istilled water.The volume and temperature of each vesel s sown in the table below. Arrange the reaction vessels in decreasing order of initial rate of reaction. In other words, select a "1 next to the vessel in which the engineer can reasonably initial rate of reaction to be highest, a "2" next to the vessel in which the initial rate of reaction would be next highest, and so on initial rate of vessel volume temperature reaction 8 3.0L 3.01.1 (highest) 15" 16. C 16. " C 20L D 3.OL

Explanation / Answer

Rate of reaction increases with increase in temperature. The relation between rate of reaction and temperature is exponential.

Adding distilled water to reaction mixture of calcium carbonate and sulfuric will only dilute the mixture and reduce the concentration of both reactants per liter of mixture which will lead to lower rate of reaction.

Hence vessel which has highest relative temperature and lowest volume will have highest rate of reaction.

Vessel volume temperature Initial rate of reaction A 5.0 L 15 oC 4 (lowest) B 3.0 L 15 oC 3 C 2.0 L 16 oC 1 (highest) D 3.0 L 16 oC 2

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