What is the phylogeny of the organisms we eat? Pick one of the two meals below*
ID: 72491 • Letter: W
Question
What is the phylogeny of the organisms we eat? Pick one of the two meals below* and draw a phylogeny of all the organisms included in the meal. If you do not know what a particular ingredient is, a quick web search should do the trick. For relationships among animals (which we will get to on Tuesday), two phylogenies are provided on the last page; use these to determine the relationships among the animal-based foods in your menu.
Above your phylogeny, indicate the name of the group, as indicated on the next page. For different species within the same group, all the branches can be represented as a polytomy. For example, if there are three types of non-vascular plants in your tree, e.g., moss1, moss2 and moss3, you can show a polytomy with three branches, labeled moss1, moss2, and moss3, and above that group, add the label "non-vascular plants".
* the meal you choose does not need to correspond to your personal eating habits
MENU
"The Omnivore - American style": Tonight you will be dining on a buffalo burger topped with blue cheese (made with milk from grass-fed cows and the finest Penicillium cultures), crushed pine nuts, portobello mushrooms and bacon. The burger is served with tomato and lettuce on a sesame-topped bun, baked fresh on the premises using wheat flour, butter, salt and yeast. Your burger comes with a side of crispy sweet potato fries fried in olive oil served with two dipping sauces, a home-made tomato-garlic ketchup and a lime-mayonnaise, made with sunflower oil, egg, and lime. Your meal is served with a complimentary beer, made with locally-sourced hops and malted barley and fermented to perfection by yeast in our own local brewery. Enjoy!
"The Omnivore - Asian style": Tonight's dinner is a pumpkin and chicken curry. Chicken breast, pumpkin, and oyster mushrooms are simmered in coconut milk with a complex blend of spices, including shrimp paste, lemongrass, chili, galangal, kafir lime leaves, garlic, and shallots. The delectable sweet and salty tastes that bind this curry together come from fish sauce, made from anchovies and fermented with Lactobacillus, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas, and a sugarcane-based brown sugar. The curry comes with fragrant basmati rice and cilantro and a side of sauteed fiddleheads. Your meal is served with a complimentary Thai iced tea, made from Ceylon tea, crushed tamarind seeds, sugarcane-based sugar, and condensed milk. Mmmm!
Recommended sequence:
1) Put each menu item into a group. The groups to use are listed on the next page -- use the right-most group listed for each item you have. For example, if you have jellyfish in your menu, then you would look up what phylum jellyfish are in, and then use the group name "Cnidaria". If you had several species of jellyfish in your menu, those could all be represented as a polytomy, each with their name at the tip of the branch and, above them, the label "Cnidaria".
2) Figure out the relationships among your groups, and draw a phylogeny of all of the items in the meal.
3) Label the tip of each branch with the name of the food or source of food (e.g., "cucumber").
4) Label each group with a group name. A sample output is on the next page.
Group names to use, Sample output, and Animal phylogenies
Group names to use
Above the taxon names, add the name of the "major group". For a "major group", we will use the terms shown below. You should use the right-most name.
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
"Protista"
Plants
Non-vascular plants
Vascular seedless plants
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Fungi
Animals
give name of the phylum for all except Chordata, for which you should give more detailed name - below
Chordata
Cephalochoradata
Tunicata
Vertebrate
Fish
Amphibians
Mammals
Reptiles
The file you upload should indicate which
meal you are illustrating and should have a format like the diagram at right (for yoghurt mushroom sauce).
Animal Phylogenies
(above - phylogeny of major animal phyla)
Explanation / Answer
5. See the entire answer cannot be done in a single question. I will take the first meal and do it’s first part.
1. The first menu item is buffalo burger. Buffalo will come under animal group and burger is made of wheat, so wheat will come under angiosperms.
2. Second item in the meal is blue cheese made up of milk and Penicillium cultures. Penicillium culture is fungi.
3. crushed pine nuts, is plant
4. Portobello mushrooms is fungus.
5. Bacon is meat prepared from pig. So, it comes under animals.
6. Tomato, lettuce and sesame is plant
7. Bun is made up of butter, salt and yeast. Yeast is fungus and butter and salt are made from animals. Because it’s not mentioned which salt and butter it is (plant or animal origin)
8. Sweet potato is plant and olive oil is also plant.
9. Tomato garlic ketchup- tomato and garlic both are angiosperm plant
10. Lime mayonnaise is made of lime. Lime is angiosperm
11. Sunflower oil is made from sunflower seeds and sunflower is angiosperm
12. Egg will come under animal
13. Beer is made from fermentation of bacteria with carbohydrate source.
14. Lastly, barley is also angiosperm.
So, the entire menu items into groups will be: -
Bacteria- beer
Archaea
Eukarya
"Protista"-nil
Plants
Non-vascular plants-nil
Vascular seedless plants-nil
Gymnosperms – crushed pine nuts
Angiosperms – burger, tomato, lettuce, sesame, sweet potato, olive oil, garlic, lime, sunflower oil
Fungi- Penicillium, Portobello mushrooms
Animals- buffalo, Bacon, butter and salt, egg,
Related Questions
drjack9650@gmail.com
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.