A kidney\'s nephrons are producing concentrated urine. The highest concentration

Question

A kidney's nephrons are producing concentrated urine. The highest concentration of solutes in the interstitial fluid in the deepest part of the medulla is 1200 milliosmoles. Which of the following statements about this person is FALSE? The most concentrated urine that this kidney can produce has a solute concentration of 1200 milliosmoles. The permeability of the collecting ducts to water must be low. c Levels of antidiuretic hormone in the blood must be relatively high, d The volume of urine being produced is relatively low. e Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are activated. When a person undergoes renal dialysis a dialysis machine is used to replace the function of the kidneys. Substances to be removed from the blood move across the dialysis membrane into the dialysis solution, which is then discarded. To be maximally effective at removing urea from the blood, the concentration of urea in the dialysis solution should be

Explanation / Answer

4. The false option is ...................a. most concentrated urine that this kidney produce has a solute concentration of 1200 mSsm/L.

More concentrated urine means more dissolved solutes and less water. The dissolved solutes might be proteins, salts and sugars. Kidneys excrete excess water by forming dilute urine. The human kidney can produce a maximal urine concentration of 1200 to 1400 mOsm/L. Some mouse can concentrate upto 10,000 mOsm/L.

High ADH, high osmopolarity of the renal medullary interstitial fluid provides basis for reabsorbing water from urine. The renal medullary interstitium surrounding the collecting duct show hyperosmosis.When ADH is high water moves from collecting ducts into interstitium, and carried from there to blood.

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