In the late 1800s, J. J. Thomson built on earlier experiments using cathode ray

Question

In the late 1800s, J. J. Thomson built on earlier experiments using cathode ray tubes. The radiation emitted from the cathode (negative electrode) was accelerated toward the anode (positive electrode) in these tubes and was observed to be the same regardless of the composition of the cathode. The ray could be deflected away from the negative plate of an external electrical field and toward the positive plate. The ray could also be deflected by an external magnetic field, as would be expected for a negative particle. By controlling the strengths of the externally imposed electrical and magnetic fields, the two fields can be counterbalanced and the ray passes through the fields undeflected as when no fields at all were imposed. By knowing the strengths of these fields, it is possible to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of these cathode rays or particles. Based on the data Thomson collected in his experiments using cathode rays, the concept of atomic structure was modified. Which of the following statements about the atomic structure were validated by his cathode ray experiments? Check all that apply. In the atom, the particles of the cathode rays are embedded in a diffuse cloud of positive charge. Matter contains positive and negative charge. Cathode rays have mass. Particles of the cathode rays are fundamental to all matter. An atom is divisible. By using an apparatus in which oil droplets were given an electrical charge by irradiation with X rays, the oil drops' descent due to gravity could be countered by application of charge to plates on the top and bottom of the apparatus. The upper plate was positively charged and the lower plated negatively charged. By monitoring the size of the drops, the rate of fall, and the charge on the plates, Millikan determined that all drops carried an integer multiple of - 1.60 times 10-19 C, where C is a coulomb, which is a unit of electrical charge. Based on the data gathered in Millikan's oil-drop experiments, the concept of atomic structure was modified. Which of the following aspects of the structure of the atom was validated by these experiments? Check all that apply. mass of a proton mass of an electron charge on a proton charge on an electron mass of the atom Rutherford's experiment studied the deflection or scattering of alpha particles, now known as helium nuclei, as they passed through very thin gold foil. As detected by a fluorescent screen, most of the alpha particles passed through the foil but a small number were deflected at very large angles. Based on the data gathered in the Rutherford's scattering experiments, the concept of atomic structure was modified. Which of the following aspects of the structure of the atom were validated by these experiments? Check all that apply. the charge on a proton the existence of the atomic nucleus the charge on the nucleus being positive the nuclear density being large most of the atomic volume being empty space

Explanation / Answer

Matter contain positive and negative charge

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