Wheeler and Mathews reported the concentrations of adenine nucleotides in rat li

Question

Wheeler and Mathews reported the concentrations of adenine nucleotides in rat liver mitochondria as follows: ATP, 5.5 mM; ADP, 5.1 mM; AMP, 1.8 mM.

1. Calculate the adenylate energy charge within the mitochondrion.

2. Most measurements of adenylate energy charge in whole cells or cytosol give values close to 0.9. Speculate on reasons why it might be advantageous for mitochondria to have an ADP concentration almost as high as that of ATP.

3. succinyl?CoA+ADP+Pi?succinate+ATP+CoA?SH?G??=?2.9kJ/mol
If [Pi] within the mitochondrion is 0.05 M and succinate and succinyl-CoA are present at equimolar concentrations, what is the maximum mitochondrial concentration of CoA-SH at which the reaction can be exergonic? (Temperature is 25circC.)

OWith ATP being the substrate for reductive phosphorylation, its concentration must be relatively high in order to maintain the ADP synthase reaction at Vmax or close to it. With ATP being the enzyme for oxidative phosphorylation, its concentration must be relatively high in order to maintain the ADP synthase reaction at Vmax or close to it. With ADP being the enzyme for reductive phosphorylation, its concentration must be relatively high in order to maintain the ATP synthase reaction at Vmax or close to it. With ADP being the substrate for oxidative phosphorylation, its concentration must be relatively high in order to maintain the ATP synthase reaction at Vmax or close to it.

Explanation / Answer

1. Adenylate energy charge is concentration of ATP + 1/2 (concentration of ADP) divided by the total concentration of all adenylate nucleotides.

So, Energy charge = (5.5) + (1/2 * 5.1) / 5.5 + 5.1 + 1.8 = 8.05 / 12.4 = 0.65

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