Q1: what is the purpose of a bacterial operon? Q2: thoroughly describe the colle
ID: 80078 • Letter: Q
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Q1: what is the purpose of a bacterial operon? Q2: thoroughly describe the collective processes and locations of transcription and translation in a eukaryotic cell. Q3: how is the regulation of gene expression different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Q1: what is the purpose of a bacterial operon? Q2: thoroughly describe the collective processes and locations of transcription and translation in a eukaryotic cell. Q3: how is the regulation of gene expression different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Q2: thoroughly describe the collective processes and locations of transcription and translation in a eukaryotic cell. Q3: how is the regulation of gene expression different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?Explanation / Answer
Ans 1. A bacterial operon is a cluster of genes which work in coordination to produce proteins (enzymes) in bacteria.
Ans 2. Eukaryotic cell protein synthesis has following steps :
a. Transcription - Takes place in the nucleus. DNA transcribes to form mRNA. It has four steps :
1. Initiation - Unwinding of DNA molecule
2. Elongation - Synthesis of mRNA by RNA polymerase
3. Termination - Results in release of mRNA
4. Processing - The final mRNA is formed by splicing of unwanted regions.
Translation :
1. Activation of amino acids
2. Formation of amino acyl-tRNA complexes
3. Initiation - Initiation codon binding with complementary anticodon
4. Elongation - Movement of ribosome along mRNA to form a chain of amino acids
5. Termination - Binding of termination codon with anticodon to release the formed protein
Ans 3. Regulation of gene expression differing in prokaryotes and eukaryotes :
Prokaryotic gene expression is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level. While in eukaryotes it occurs at multiple levels like epigenetics, transcription, post-transcription, translation and post-translation.
In Prokaryotes genes are in form of clusters called operons which perform regulation function while they dont exist in eukaryotes.
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