Which of the following has the largest effect on resistance to flow in a blood v

Question

Which of the following has the largest effect on resistance to flow in a blood vessel? Changing the diameter of the vessel Changing the length of the vessel Changing the viscosity (eta) of the blood (such as by extreme dehydration or changing the number of cells) Changing the amount of Na^+ in plasma Changing blood pressure Which of the following types of vessels will have smooth muscle and endothelial layers? Arteries Veins Arterioles Veinules All of the above Which of the following is/are TRUE about the venous side of the systemic circulation? The walls of veins and venules tend to be somewhat rigid It is a relatively high pressure system The tone in the venous circulation plays a major role in determining "after load" of cardiac output These vessels lack an endothelial lining None of the above are true Which of the following may cause dilation of resistance vessels supplying blood to skeletal muscle? Increased activation of sympathetic nervous system Fall local O_2 concentration due to increased metabolic activity in muscle Localized production of mediators of inflammation and eicosanoids All of the above Which of the following is/are likely to increase mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Increased force of contraction of cardiac muscle cells Increased cardiac stroke volume (SV) Increased total peripheral resistance (TPR) Increased venous return to heart during diastole All of the above

Explanation / Answer

(39) a. Changing the diameter of the vessel.
(40) e. All of the above
(41) c. The tone in the venous circulation plays a major role in determining after-load of cardiac output
(42) d. All of the above
(43) b. Increases cardiac stroke volume (SV)

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