a. From these data, what cells are required to elicit an autoimmune disease? Wha

Question

a. From these data, what cells are required to elicit an autoimmune disease? What cells are required to prevent an autoimmune response? Explain. b. Why were nude mice used in this study? c. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the insulin-secreting islet cells in the pancreas are destroyed. To examine the role of CD4+CD25+ cells in this disease, CD4+CD25- T cells from control subjects were cultured in vitro in the absence and presence of increasing numbers of CD4+CD25+ cells from control subjects (dotted line in the figure below) or diabetic patients (solid line). Proliferation (expansion of the CD4+CD25- population is measured by uptake of radioactive thymidine which is incorporated into replicating DNA (cpm is a measure of the radioactivity of the cells). The number of cells CD4+CD25+ cells added to the CD4+CD25- culture is presented as a ratio in which 1:0 means that no CD4+CD25+ cells are present and 1:1 means that there are equal numbers of CD4+CD25- and CD4+CD25+ cells. What do these data suggest could be a defect in patients with type diabetes? Explain why such a defect might lead to diabetes.

Explanation / Answer

a) majorly prokaryotic cells such as particular bacteria or certain virus are the causative agents for autoimmune diseases. T-cells are involved in preventing autoimmune diseases

b). following are the reasons that show the significance of nude mouse in the study:

delayed hypersensitive responses

CD4+ and/or CD8+ T cells. are necessary for a cell-mediated response

for killing malignant cells

CD4+ helper T cells are the primary requirement for formation of antibody

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