Fluorescent Protein Phylogeny The Anthozoan fluorescent proteins are grouped int

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Fluorescent Protein Phylogeny The Anthozoan fluorescent proteins are grouped into four clades, each with more than one type of emission color that indicates multiple, recent color conversions. There are four color types: GFP (green), RFP (red), YFP (yellow), and CP (nonfluorescent chromoprotein). Differences in color indicate differences in chromophore structures. However, the grouping of the proteins in the phylogenetic tree does not follow chromatophore structures or color classes. Instead, it shows multiple, recent color diversifications. C lade B has proteins of three color types, (green, red, and nonfluorescent) for orders Scleractinia and Corallimorpharia. Clade A shows that in Actiniaria, nonfluorescent and green colors separated independently. Clade C suggests that green, yellow, and red colors separated very recently. Clade D suggests that separation of green and orange-red colors occurred in two independent events along with the two events in clades B and C. The color conversion from green (GFPs) to red (RFPs/D_s Red) fluorescence happened four times.

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Fluorescent Protein Phylogeny:

Fluorescent proteins representative of class Anthozoan fall into four clades, each clade containing proteins of more than one type of emmision color. This topology suggests multiple recent events of colour conversion. There are four color types: three fluorescent ones GFP (green), RFP (red), YFP (yellow) and a non fluorescent one CP (chromoprotein). Diffferences in color indicate differences in chromophore structures. The grouping of protein in the phylogenetic tree did not follow chromatophore structures or color classes. Most importantly, the tree reveals multiple relatively recent event of color diversification. Clade B unite proteins of three color types, green, red and non fluorescent, cloned from animals of order Scleractinia and Corallimorpharia. Composition of Clade A suggests that seperation of non fluoresent and green colors happened independently in Actiniaria. Clade C suggest very recent seperation of green, yellow and red colors. Clade D suggests two independent events of seperation of green and orange-red colors in addition to the two observed in clades B and C. The color conversion from green (GFPs) to red ( RFPs/ DsRed) florescence happened four times.   

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