QUESTION 1 Sickle cell anemia is a disorder that results when a person is born h

Question

QUESTION 1

Sickle cell anemia is a disorder that results when a person is born homozygous for a certain hemoglobin allele (aa). What is the connection between malaria and sickle cell anemia?

The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in individuals that suffer from sickle cell anemia (aa homozygotes). These individuals reproduce better than average wherever malaria is common.

The sickle cell allele makes the effects of malaria even worse; therefore it is absent from regions where malaria is common.

The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in heterozygotes (Aa). Therefore the allele is very frequent in regions where malaria is common.

None of the above

5 points   

QUESTION 2

Biomedical research is directed at finding ways to support and protect human health. Where can biologists look if they wish to learn more about the detailed inner workings of the human body?

Biomedical research can be done on humans or on a few very closely related species – primates such as monkeys and apes. Other species do not offer useful information about humans, because they are not related to us.

Biomedical research can be done on a huge range of different species – everything from yeast to worms to monkeys. Humans are related to all life forms to some degree, and we can study all of them to learn more about our bodies and cells.

Biomedical research must be done on living human subjects, cultured human tissues, or cadavers (recently deceased humans). Studies of other organisms cannot be applied to address human health concerns.

None of the above

5 points   

QUESTION 3

A biological lineage is a group of ____________ that evolves as an independent unit.

alleles

populations

cells

genes

5 points   

QUESTION 4

Which statement best sums up the modern theory of evolution?

Over the past 3 billion years, thousands of different life forms have arisen from non-life. Each one started independently and they have changed in a random way over time.

Each major form of life was created less than 10,000 years ago. Since then species have changed somewhat to better suit them to their environment.

Starting from one or a few life forms over 3 billion years ago, life has branched out. As life forms change, they tend to develop traits that aid their survival and reproduction.

5 points   

QUESTION 5

On a small island far out to sea lives an isolated population of iguanas (lizards). They are greenish brown in color. A bright pink and orange individual is born. It carries a new allele of a gene involved with pigmentation (color pattern). This new allele was probably added to the population through…

mutation

natural selection

genetic drift

5 points   

QUESTION 6

Which is most likely to be a single gene pool? All of the genes and alleles that are found in…

the cells of a single bird.

all of the different species of birds that live in the State of Wisconsin.

all individuals of a widespread species of bird, including individuals living in Asia, Africa, North America, and Australia.

all individuals of a single species of bird (the Piping Plover) along the beaches of the Great Lakes in the Midwestern United States.

5 points   

QUESTION 7

Natural selection results in...

Increase in adaptive traits over time

Mutations in the genetic makeup of a population

Environment stresses on a population

All of these

5 points   

QUESTION 8

How does evolution occur?

The genetic makeup of a population changes seasonally.

All of these are true.

The genetic makeup of a population changes over generations of time.

The genetic makeup of an individual changes in response to the environment.

5 points   

QUESTION 9

Below are some examples of changes that occur in life. Which one is an example of biological evolution?

Your taste in music changes dramatically between middle school and high school.

A cell starts to express a different set of genes when it is exposed to high levels of testosterone.

A young man’s muscles increase in strength and bulk after he starts lifting weights.

5 points   

QUESTION 10

The Class Mammalia includes all living species with hair and mammary glands plus related fossil species; it is a complete group containing all of the descendants of a common ancestor that also had these characteristics. Therefore the Class Mammalia is a ____________.

clade

species

population

genus

A.

The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in individuals that suffer from sickle cell anemia (aa homozygotes). These individuals reproduce better than average wherever malaria is common.

B.

The sickle cell allele makes the effects of malaria even worse; therefore it is absent from regions where malaria is common.

C.

The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in heterozygotes (Aa). Therefore the allele is very frequent in regions where malaria is common.

D.

None of the above

Explanation / Answer

QUESTION 1.

A.The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in individuals that suffer from sickle cell anemia (aa homozygotes). These individuals reproduce better than average wherever malaria is common.

whenever the malarial parasite begins to multiply in the RBC's of person affected with sickle cell anemia it uses up the cells oxygen supply and the cell changes from round to sickle cell shape .reduced oxygen supply diminishes the growth of the malarial parasite and destruction of the RBC leads to the prevention of further progress of the life cycle of the parasite.

QUESTION 2

B.Biomedical research can be done on a huge range of different species – everything from yeast to worms to monkeys. Humans are related to all life forms to some degree, and we can study all of them to learn more about our bodies and cells.

QUESTION 3

b.populations

QUESTION 4

c.Starting from one or a few life forms over 3 billion years ago, life has branched out. As life forms change, they tend to develop traits that aid their survival and reproduction.

QUESTION 5

D.genetic drift

QUESTION 6

D.all individuals of a single species of bird (the Piping Plover) along the beaches of the Great Lakes in the Midwestern United States.

This is because the single bird species represent a single population and the sum total of their genetic diversity represents a gene pool.

QUESTION 7.

A Increase in adaptive traits over time

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