The space shuttle uses aluminum metal and ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) in its
ID: 856191 • Letter: T
Question
The space shuttle uses aluminum metal and ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) in its reusable
booster rockets. The products of this reaction are aluminum oxide, aluminum chloride, nitric
oxide (NO), and steam.
a. Write and balance an equation for this reaction.
Assume that the reaction mixture contains 5.75 g of Al and 7.32 g of NH4ClO4.
b. Which reagent is the limiting reagent?
c. What is the theoretical (calculated) yield of aluminum chloride if the above amounts of
the reagents are used?
d. If 1.87 g of aluminum chloride is formed, what is the percent yield?
Explanation / Answer
The space shuttle uses aluminum metal and ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) in its reusable booster rockets. The products of this reaction are aluminum oxide, aluminum chloride, nitric oxide (NO), and steam.
a. Write and balance an equation for this reaction.
3Al +3NH4ClO4 ==>Al2O3 + AlCl3 +3NO + 6H2O
Assume that the reaction mixture contains 5.75 g of Al and 7.32 g of NH4ClO4.
81g Al + 352.5gNH4ClO4===>102gAl2O3 + 133.5gAlCl3 + 90gNO + 108gH2O
b. Which reagent is the limiting reagent?
81g Al require NH4ClO4=352.5g
5.75g Al require NH4ClO4=352.5/81*5.75=25.023g but available is only 7.32g
since Al is in excess so divide all terms by 14.087
5.75g Al + 25.02gNH4ClO4===>7.24gAl2O3 + 9.48gAlCl3 + 6.39gNO + 7.67gH2O
c. What is the theoretical (calculated) yield of aluminum chloride if the above amounts of
the reagents are used?
AlCl3 yield is=9.48g
d. If 1.87 g of aluminum chloride is formed, what is the percent yield?
%age yield=actual/theoratical*100=1.87g/9.48g*100=19.73%
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