1-What type of tissue(s) is the hypodermis? Is the hypodermis a layer of skin? 2
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Question
1-What type of tissue(s) is the hypodermis? Is the hypodermis a layer of skin?
2-What are the important functions of subcutaneous fat? Is liposuction a means of permanent fat loss? Why is the hypodermis the desirable site for subcutaneous injections, such as insulin shots?
3-How do partial-thickness burns differ from full-thickness burns? Is there typically scarring following first degree burns? Why so/why not? Why do severe second degree burns and third degree burns often require skin grafting?
4-Skin is referred to as soft keratin, but hair and nails are referred to as hard keratin. Why? What are the functions of a hair follicle? The arrector-pili reflex is considered to be a vestigial reflex. That is, it once had a physiological purpose, but that purpose does not exist anymore, but the reflex still does. What was the function of this reflex in distant humans? What are goosebumps? How do they relate to this reflex?
Explanation / Answer
Well hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage . It is the layer lying immediately below dermis of vertebrate skin also called as subcutaneous tissue. It consists primalrily of low connective tissue.& lobular of fats. It is not stickly a part of the skin although a border between hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish.2. (a) It provides insulation to help maintain our body temp, when we are in cold enviorments. This is why we don't freeze to death when we walk outside into cold air .(b). well fat cells are gene (removed with liposuction) are gone forever. however if the patient gains weight the fat cells that remain in area treated with the liposuction and areas that were not treated will grow so one must maintain a healthy weight after liposuction.(c) Hypodermis is preffered as the site of subcutaneous injections because it consists of blood vessels which allow the material to flow into the vessels . These injections (insulin shots) are given to the patient suffering from type I diabities.3.(a:) This relates with the depth of skin damage from the burn. The superficial burs damage the epidermis only but the injury to the dermis is a partial thickness sum injury to the subcutaneous tissue , including fat is a full thickness burn.3.(b) The first degree burns are the mildest form of injury of skin. It is called as superficial burn or wound. There is no typical scaring occurs however the symptoms noticed are skin redness, pain and swelling. 3.(c) The second and third degree bruns require skin grafting (non healing wound is covered by a piece of skin taken either from the period himself/from animals), because if these are left to heal on thier own can lead to scarring and contraction.4 (a) nails and hair considered as hard keratin because it contians more cystine with disulphide (s-s) crosslinks ; with less flexibility . However there are fewer disulphide cross links in the skin allowing it to stretch (flexible).4 (b) Hair follicles is an mammalian skin organ that produces hair. 4 (c) . The arrector pili muscles treated with hair follicles consist of smooth muscles. These muscles associated with each hair follicle extends from the side of hair follicle to the outermost part of dermis when at rest these are extended and the hair shaft emerges from the skin at shallow angle .however when the body is under sum form of stress for e.g. fear or low temperature ,the nerve ending stimulate the muscles to contract cooling the hair follicle so that the hair shaft emerges from the surface of skin at closer 290 degree resulting in slight elevation of skin where each hair shaft emerges this is known as goose bumps.
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