1. What is your null (H 0 ) hypothesis? 2. What is your alternate (H A ) hypothe

Question

1. What is your null (H0) hypothesis?

2. What is your alternate (HA) hypothesis?

3. Calculate the CCj for these two sites (Remember: one number for both sites, not one CCj for each site!).

4. What does this CCj value tell you?

5. What is the H value for:

        a. the meadow:                        b. the forest:                   

6. Which site has a greater species richness how do you know?

7. Which site has a greater species diversity and how do you know?

8. Did you “Reject” or “Fail to Reject” your null hypothesis and why?

9. Please attach a SW table for each of the two sites.

Explanation / Answer

Ans1:- A null hypothesis (H0) is a stated assumption that there is no difference in parameters (mean,variance) for two or more populations. According to the null hypothesis, any observed difference in samples is due to chance or sampling error.The 'null' often refers to the common view of something.

Ans 2:- The alternative hypothesis states that the population parameter is different than the value of the population parameter in the null hypothesis. The alternative hypothesis is what you might believe to be true or hope to prove true.It is contrary to the null hypothesis.It is usually taken to be that the observations are the result of a real effect.

Ans 3:-

Ans 4:-

Ans 5:-

Ans 6:- Species richness is the number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region.Species richness is simply a count of species, and it does not take into account the abundances of the species or their relative abundance distributions.If individuals are drawn from different environmental conditions (or different habitats), the species richness of the resulting set can be expected to be higher than if all individuals are drawn from similar environments.(For eg:The number of species per sample is a measure of richness. The more species present in a sample, the 'richer' the sample.  Species richness as a measure on its own takes no account of the number of individuals of each species present. It gives as much weight to those species which have very few individuals as to those which have many individuals. Thus, one daisy has as much influence on the richness of an area as 1000 buttercups).Greater species diversity leads to greater stability in ecosystems.

Ans 7:- Species diversity is the number of different species that are represented in a given community.It is a function of both the number of different species in the community (species richness) and their relative abundances (species evenness). Larger numbers of species and more even abundances of species lead to higher species diversity. (For eg:A forest community with 202020 different kinds of trees would have greater species diversity than a forest community with only 555 kinds of trees).Ecosystem stability may provide a foundation upon which diversity can thrive, but increased species diversity does not confer ecosystem stability.

Ans 8:- To undertake hypothesis testing you need to express your research hypothesis as a null and alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis are statements regarding the differences or effects that occur in the population. The null hypothesis can be thought of as a nullifiable hypothesis that means you can nullify it, or reject it and get replaced with the alternate hypothesis, which is what you think might actually be true about a situation. (For eg: You think that a certain drug might be responsible for a spate of recent heart attacks and drug company thinks that the drug is safe. The null hypothesis is always the accepted hypothesis so in this eg the drug is in the market, people are using it, and it’s generally accepted to be safe. Therefore, the null hypothesis is that the drug is safe. The alternate hypothesis the one you want to replace the null hypothesis, is that the drug isn't safe so rejecting the null hypothesis in this case means that you will have to prove that the drug is not safe).Therefore even if we fail to reject the null hypothesis, it does not mean the null hypothesis is true because a hypothesis test does not determine which hypothesis is true, or even which is most likely it only assesses whether available evidence exists to reject the null hypothesis.

Ans 9:-

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