Reacting gas volumes When chlorine is bubbled into sodium hydroxide solution the
ID: 929311 • Letter: R
Question
Reacting gas volumes When chlorine is bubbled into sodium hydroxide solution the following reaction takes place: Explain why this is a redox reaction. Give the ionic equation for the reaction. What volume of 0.1 mol dm^-3 sodium hydroxide solution will react exactly with 1800 cm^3 of chlorine gas at room temperature and pressure? When sodium chloride solution is electrolysed following reaction takes place: Give the electrode half-equation for the formation of hydrogen at the negative electrode. Give the electrode half-equation for the formation of chlorine at the positive electrode. Which of the above reactions involves oxidation? Explain your answer. If 200 cm^3 of 6 mol dm^-3 sodium chloride solution is completely electrolysed, what volume of hydrogen would be produced at room temperature and pressure? What volume of chlorine will also be produced? Explain why this volume of chlorine is not collected.Explanation / Answer
1) a i. It is a redox reaction because the oxidation state of chlorine changed from the reactant side to the product side. oxidation state of chlorine in the reactant side is zero, while in the product side is -1 in NaCl, while +1 in NaOCl.
ii. 2 Na+ + 2 OH- + Cl2 = 2 Na+ + Cl- + OCl- + H2O
iii. volume of NaOH = (1,800 cm3 Cl2 )*(2.8969 g/1000cm3)*(1 mol Cl2/ 70.91 g)*(2 mol NaOH/1 mol Cl2)*(1 dm3 NaOH / 0.1 mol NaOH) = 1470.71 dm3
b. i. 2 H2O + 2 e- = 2 OH- + H2
ii. 2 Cl- = Cl2 + 2 e-
iii. the reaction that involves is the formation of chlorine (ii) because the electrons are found in the product side. another explanation is that oxidation state of chlorine become more positive going from the reactant side (-1) to the product side (0).
iv. volume of hydrogen = (6 mol NaCl/ dm3)*(0.2 dm3)(1 mol H2/2 mol NaCl)(2.008g H2/mol)( dm3/0.0820 g) = 14.69 dm3
v. volume of chlorine = (6 mol NaCl/ dm3)*(0.2 dm3)(1 mol Cl2/2 mol NaCl)(70.9 g Cl2/mol)( 1 dm3/2.8969 g) = 14.68 dm3
vi.
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