please help me answering all the following questions for the clinical case A 34-
ID: 93499 • Letter: P
Question
please help me answering all the following questions for the clinical case
A 34-year-old woman visits an infertility clinic complaining that she and her husband have attempted to conceive for 3 years without results.
Her sexual history revealed a past of unprotected sex with different partners. She always had irregular periods. No pelvic or Pap smears have been done in the past 10 years.
Her cervix appeared to be inflamed and bled easily during scraping for a Pap smear. Upon pelvic examination, she had bilateral, slightly tender masses on either side of her uterus, each 6-8 cm in diameter. Imaging revealed bilateral complete obstruction of both fallopian tubes. A lab of cervical mucus tested positive for STD. Her Pap test result was “High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion. A total hysterectomy is performed.
Questions
What is the diagnosis (referring to the Pap test)?
What do you think is the stage of the disease?
Which is the causative agent of this disease?
What do you think is the cause of fallopian tubes’ obstruction? Which is the most common STD that produces this condition?
What are the two bilateral masses?
Explanation / Answer
1) The diagnosis for the pap test "high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion" indicates the presence of precancerous cells which may be mild, moderate or severe.
2) The disease is in the moderate to severe stage of precancer which when not treated it will develop into malignant or cancer.
3) The causative agents of this disease is Nisserea gonorrheae which causes gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis causes Chlamydia.
4) the pelvic inflammatory diseases caused by the bacteria causes the blockage in fallopian tubes which leades to infertility, the most common STD that is responsible for the cause of fallopian tubes obstruction is chlamydia and gonorrhea and herpes.
5) the two bilaterals masses are the fibroids growing on the uterus which are benign tumors.
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