Energetics and Catabolism Vocabulary Review ACROSS (2 pts) 1 The enzyme that add

Question

Energetics and Catabolism Vocabulary Review

  

ACROSS (2 pts)

1 The enzyme that adds phosphate to glucose to start the Embden Myerhof   pathway

Propionate

8One word description of oxidative phosphorylation

a

9Metabolism that includes glycolysis, TCA cycle and electron transport, but does not   use oxygen as the terminal electron   acceptor.

a

10Molecule in relatively high concentrations when cells are at low energy

a

12Enzyme that adds a phosphate group to fructose 6 phosphate (written as one word)

aPhosphofructokinase

13Enzyme that removes a carbon from pyruvate, forming AcetylCoA (written as   one word)

15 Enzyme that removes the phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate

DOWN (2 pts)

2Biosynthesis reactions are also ___ reactions.

aAnabolic

3Energy lowered by enzymes

4Metabolic reaction without an external electron acceptor (e.g. pyruvate)

5Chemical reaction involving the gain of electrons

aReduction

6Bacteria that use reduced inorganic chemicals as a source of energy (electrons)

7Chemical "poison" that prevents the use of oxygen because it inhibits oxidase

11 Chemical reaction that has a negative delta-G.

14Abbreviation that indicates how well a molecule accepts electrons

II. Data analysis: You are working in a metabolic lab and are studying 2 different mutant strains of E. coli. These mutant strains are conditional mutants. When grown at low temperature, they appear phenotypically normal. However, when grown at elevated temperatures, they grow much more slowly and you find that they lack certain compounds found in the Embden Myerhof pathway.   The data you gather is shown in the table below. (+ = normal, - = decreased levels, ++ = increased levels). Please answer each question using complete sentences to describe your answer and the reasoning behind each answer. (2.5 pts)

Mutant Strain #EC14

Mutant Strain #EC17

Glucose-6-phosphate

++

++

Fructose-6-phosphate

++

++

Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate

++

-

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

++

-

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

++

-

Phosphoenolpyruvate

++

-

Pyruvate

-

-

Which enzyme is missing from EC14? Which enzyme is missing from EC17? Explain how you determined this?

If you wanted to test bacteria for their ability to complete glycolysis, what compound would you try to detect? Why?

Would you expect to see pyruvate being produced after the addition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to Mutant Strain EC14? If you added it to EC17, would pyruvate be produced? Indicate yes or no and explain why you answered the way you did.

If the electrons released in the earlier steps of glycolysis are added to pyruvate to form lactic acid, what process has occurred?   Is pyruvate the electron donor or acceptor in this exchange? Has it been reduced or oxidized to form lactic acid?

III. Graphic Organizer to Summarize Photosynthesis. Please place an X to indicate each process that includes the characteristics listen in Column 1. For example, as chlorophyll based photosynthesis does convert light to chemical energy, you would put an X in this box, which is added as a demo. (1.5 pts)

Column 1

Chlorophyll-Based

Photosynthesis

Bacteriochlorophyll-Based

Photosynthesis

Bacteriorhodopsin – Based (Photoheterotrophy)

Converts Light Energy to Chemical Energy

X (demo)

Fixes Carbon Dioxide

Includes ATP production with an ATPase

Produces Oxygen

Uses a Z pathway of both Photosystem I & II

Uses Organic Carbon

Uses Photosystem I OR II, not both

Uses Water as electron Donor

Understanding Electron Transport – Looking at Table 14.1 (“Electron Tower”), you can see the different Eo values of a variety of redox reactions.   Use the information in that table to answer the questions below in 1-2 complete sentences for each. (2 pts)

With Glucose as the electron donor – which electron acceptor would yield more energy – iron (Fe+3), Nitrate (NO3-) or Oxygen? Why?

Could succinate donate electrons to H2? Could it donate electrons to nitrate (NO3)? Why or why not?

Pure fermenters, such as Streptococcus pyogenes lack several enzymes of the TCA cycle and many components of a typical electron transport chain. They do, however, all have ATP synthetase embedded in their cytoplasmic membranes and will use it to produce a PMF. How could they use this enzyme to produce a PMF and why would it be advantageous for them to do so?    

Mutant Strain #EC14

Mutant Strain #EC17

Glucose-6-phosphate

++

++

Fructose-6-phosphate

++

++

Fructose-1,6,bisphosphate

++

-

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

++

-

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

++

-

Phosphoenolpyruvate

++

-

Pyruvate

-

-

12 13 14 15

Explanation / Answer

Across-

1.glucose 6 phosphate

8.Citric acid cycle,Kreb`s cycle,TCA cycle

9.Aerobic respiration

10.Active transport

12.Phosphofrucktokinase or PFK

13.Pyruvate dehydrogenase

15.Pyruvate kinase

Down

2.Anabolic

3.Catalysis

4.Fermentation

5.Reduction

6.Lithotroph or chemiautotroph

7.Cyanide

11.Exergonic or exothermic reactions

14.Electrophile or E.

Phosphoenol pyruvate is missing in EC14 as it is the enzyme that normally catalyzes the reaction that converts PEP to pyruvate.Thus pyruvate is absent here.

Phosphofructokinase is missing in strain EC17 as it  is a kinase enzyme that phosphorylates fructose 6-phosphate.thus further steps are also halted .

Pyruvate as it is the end product of glycolysis.

In EC14 strain addition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate will not help in the production of pyruvate as here last enzyme of glycolysis is absent but in mutant strain EC 17 addition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate will also not produce pyruvate as prior enzyme phosphofructokinase is also missing.

Fermentation has occurred.

Pyruvate is electron acceptor and is reduced in glycolysis.It is reduced to form lactic acid.

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