Using tests performed in this experiment, tell how you would distinguish between

Question

Using tests performed in this experiment, tell how you would distinguish between the members of each of the following pairs of compounds. Give equations when appropriate. 1-Propanol and 2-propanol For both pairs we can use Lucas reagent 1 propond is a primary alcohol and 2-propanol is secondary. Lucas reagent with secondary in 5 minutes and doesn't react with price R_2 CHOH + HCl rightarrow R_2 CHCl + H_2 O for secondary alcohols. 4-chlorophenol and 4-chlorocyclohexanol 1-Butanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol 2,4-Pentanedone and 2-pentanone

Explanation / Answer

b)Ferric chloride test:

alcohals are readily differentiated from phenols

Addition of a drop or two of ferric chloride solution to a sample of phenol (3-4 drops) will produce a distinct violet/purple coloration.   Alcohols do not produce such deep coloration when treated with ferric chloride solution.

c) 1-butanol is a primary alcohol and 2-methyl 2-propanol is a tertiary alcohal so can be readily distinguished with lucas test.tertiary alcohal readily reacts whereas primary alcohol doesnt.

d) 2 pentanone implies just one ketone functional group. 2,4-pentadione shows the presence of two ketone functional groups.

2-pentanone being a methy ketone when treated with NAOI(I2+NAOH) gives yellow precipitate of iodoform.

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