<QUESTION> The chemical substance 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF ) causes bladder ca

Question

<QUESTION> The chemical substance 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF ) causes bladder cancer when injected into rats but not guinea pigs. If normal bladder cells obtained from rats and guinea pigs are grown in culture and exposed to AAF , neither are converted into cancer cells.

<MY EXPLANATION> AAF is a "precarcinogen" that needs to be metabolically activated before it can cause cancer. Rats, but not guinea pigs, contain a liver enzyme that catalyzes the metabolic activation of AAF .

Does your explanation suggest how to predict whether AAF is carcinogenic in humans without actually exposing humans to AAF ?     

   

A) Growing normal bladder cells obtained from human in culture and exposed to AAF would indicate whether AAF is likely to be carcinogenic in humans. B) Analyzing human liver cells to see if they contain the activating enzyme would indicate whether AAF is likely to be carcinogenic in humans. C) It is impossible to determine whether AAF is carcinogenic in humans without actually exposing humans to AAF because it is likely that activating enzymes could be provided not only by human liver cells.

Explanation / Answer

the explanation- AAF is a "precarcinogen" that needs to be metabolically activated before it can cause cancer. Rats, but not guinea pigs, contain a liver enzyme that catalyzes the metabolic activation of AAF.

also, normal bladder cell culture exposed to AAF, neither are converted into cancer cells.

so to check the effect of AAF in human we have to- Analyzing human liver cells to see if they contain the activating enzyme would indicate whether AAF is likely to be carcinogenic in humans. option B.

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