Within a bulk sample (e.g., solid or liquid) of a molecular substance, there are

Question

Within a bulk sample (e.g., solid or liquid) of a molecular substance, there are discrete particles called molecules. In the diagram of bromine above: shade a pair of circles representing atoms that are covalently bound together. draw a curve around a pair of molecules that are held together in the liquid phase. What is an intramolecular force? Compare the strength of intermolecular forces with that of intramolecular forces. According to the above cartoon, when a substance vaporizes, what type of forces is broken: intermolecular or intramolecular? (Circle your choice.) Are the other type of forces (i.e., the one that was not the answer to Question 3a) broken? Yes or No (Circle your choice.)

Explanation / Answer

For question 1, shade the two circles together (It can be the two of the upper part, one of those three) and the curve draw it in a pair of molecules held together in the lower part.

Question 2.
a) an intramolecular force is a type of force that exist between the atoms of a same molecule. This force held together the atoms of a molecule, to avoid separation for any external force or energy. For example, hydrogen bonds can be intramollecular force, (between the H of an alcohol and a ketone in the same molecule).

b) According to the above, the strength of an intermolecular force is weaker than the strength of the intramollecular force. we can see this by the value of enthalpy. The intermollecular force use requires a little amount of energy to break that force, while the intramollecular requires a huge amount of energy to break that force and form another molecule or atom.

3a. According to the cartoon, Br2 pass from liquid to gas, it's only changing phase, but the intermolecullar force is not broken. In the intramollecular reaction, we see that even when it's required a lot more energy, the intramollecular force that held together the bromo, breaks to form to atoms of bromine.

3b. According to the above answer, the answer would be no.

Hope this helps

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