Biology and Genetics

1. Regulation of expression of genes is important because: A. some genes functio

1. Regulation of expression of genes is important because: A. some genes function in opposition to other genes. B. it is energetically wasteful to produce all possible gene produc…

1. Relate enzymes, metabolic pathways and metabolic regulation 2. Give at least

1. Relate enzymes, metabolic pathways and metabolic regulation 2. Give at least four mechanisms that limit protein mobility in the membrane 3. List the three basic membrane protei…

1. Relate enzymes, metabolic pathways and metabolic regulation 2. Give at least

1. Relate enzymes, metabolic pathways and metabolic regulation 2. Give at least four mechanisms that limit protein mobility in the membrane 3. List the three basic membrane protei…

1. Relate the structure and function of the ATP molecule with the following term

1. Relate the structure and function of the ATP molecule with the following terms: . endergonic/exergonic: stable/unstable: free energy/potential energy: phosphorylation/dephospho…

1. Relative dating works best in sedimentary rock. True or False? 2. Numerical d

1. Relative dating works best in sedimentary rock. True or False? 2. Numerical dating is based upon radioactive isotopes True or False 3. Relative dating uses years to tell how ol…

1. Remember the label from Garden Soil Inoculant said: \"Helps fix nitrogen in s

1. Remember the label from Garden Soil Inoculant said: "Helps fix nitrogen in soil. Boost pea and bean yields with Garden Soil Inoculant. Simply shake granules into furrows as you…

1. Remember the label from Garden Soil Inoculant said: \"Helps fix nitrogen in s

1. Remember the label from Garden Soil Inoculant said: "Helps fix nitrogen in soil. Boost pea and bean yields with Garden Soil Inoculant. Simply shake granules into furrows as you…

1. Reminder: Actinomycin D is a compound used in the laboratory to inhibit mRNA

1. Reminder: Actinomycin D is a compound used in the laboratory to inhibit mRNA transcription of host cells. (a) If this drug was added to cells infected with a rhabdovirus (e.g.,…

1. Rena is pregnant, and she is also a heavy consumer of alcohol. If she continu

1. Rena is pregnant, and she is also a heavy consumer of alcohol. If she continues to drink during her pregnancy, it may affect her baby. Which of the following outcomes is the mo…

1. Replication Initiation and termination a. What are sites of replication initi

1.      Replication Initiation and termination a.      What are sites of replication initiation? b.      Why is the timing and regulation of replication initiation important? c.  …

1. Research at least 3 beneficial aspects of microorganisms (i.e. how microbes a

1. Research at least 3 beneficial aspects of microorganisms (i.e. how microbes are extremely helpful for humans and the environment) and discuss each of these, in detail. Mention …

1. Research in cell biology and metabolism has progressed due to the discovery o

1. Research in cell biology and metabolism has progressed due to the discovery of molecules that artificially stimulate or inhibit glucagon/epinephrine and insulin signaling pathw…

1. Research in cell biology and metabolism has progressed due to the discovery o

1. Research in cell biology and metabolism has progressed due to the discovery of molecules that artificially stimulate or inhibit glucagon/epinephrine and insulin signaling pathw…

1. Researchers have developed a synthetic form of DNA with 6 different bases A,

1. Researchers have developed a synthetic form of DNA with 6 different bases A, T, C, G, and two additional novel bases X and Y. These novel bases form stable X-Y pairs during in …

1. Researchers have identified a gene in humans that (when mutant) causes severe

1. Researchers have identified a gene in humans that (when mutant) causes severe dwarfism and mental retardation. This disorder is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and …

1. Researchers have recently discovered that the white rot fungus Pleurotus prod

1. Researchers have recently discovered that the white rot fungus Pleurotus produces two isoenzymes of manganese-oxidizing peroxidase. This enzyme is used to selectively remove li…

1. Researchers want to estimate the sizes of two populations of Anolis lizards o

1. Researchers want to estimate the sizes of two populations of Anolis lizards on two different islands. They make two trips to each island. a. On the first trip to Island A, 19 l…

1. Residence times of chemical elements in the ______ are usually shorter than i

1. Residence times of chemical elements in the ______ are usually shorter than in the _______. A) atmosphere, biosphere C) biosphere, oceans B) oceans, atmosphere D) atmosphere, o…

1. Respiration a. How does hyperventilation affect your ability to hold your bre

1. Respiration a. How does hyperventilation affect your ability to hold your breath? b. How does exercise affect your breathing rate? c. Which condition shortened the length of ti…

1. Restate the tradeoff hypothesis in your own words. How does it differ from th

1. Restate the tradeoff hypothesis in your own words. How does it differ from the avirulence hypothesis? 2. How can we use evolution of cooperation theories to explain Helicobacte…

1. Restriction enzymes (select all that apply): Are necessary for joining two DN

1. Restriction enzymes (select all that apply): Are necessary for joining two DNA fragments together. 2. A polylinker is: A sequence that allows for selection of cells that contai…

1. Retinal ganglion cells located at the center of vision, in the fovea, have th

1. Retinal ganglion cells located at the center of vision, in the fovea, have the smallest receptive fields and those located in the visual periphery have the largest receptive fi…

1. Retroviruses are named because their reverse transcriptase a. reverses the ac

1. Retroviruses are named because their reverse transcriptase a. reverses the action of drugs on viruses. b. reverses the ability of viruses to associate with cells. c. reverses t…

1. Review Figure 7-22 in your textbook and how exposed regions of membrane prote

1. Review Figure 7-22 in your textbook and how exposed regions of membrane proteins can be labeled with i by the lactoperoxidase (LP) reaction. Similarly, carbohydrate side chains…

1. Review Slide 1. The recession of the Aral Sea is due to a, Urbanization b. De

1. Review Slide 1. The recession of the Aral Sea is due to a, Urbanization b. Deforestation esertification d. Pollution 2. The ice fields on Slide 2, Mount Kilimanjaro, are predic…

1. Review questions (1 point each): a) What is our definition of a species? b) E

1. Review questions (1 point each): a) What is our definition of a species? b) Explain how phylogenetic analysis can be used to identify species. c) What do we call pre-zygotic re…

1. Review the definition of research hypotheses. 2. Based on that definition, su

1.  Review the definition of research hypotheses. 2.  Based on that definition, suggest modifications in the four statements listed below that would make these statements research…

1. Review the following serum test results: Creatinine:2.5mg/dL Cholesterol:220m

1. Review the following serum test results: Creatinine:2.5mg/dL Cholesterol:220mg/dL Glucose:110mg/dL Urea:40mg/dL Uric acid:5.9mg/dL These results are most consistent with: Compr…

1. Review the introduction to Lab topic 15, Plant Diversity I, and describe the

1. Review the introduction to Lab topic 15, Plant Diversity I, and describe the major trends in the evolution of land plants. Exercise 21.1 – Factors Influencing Seed Germination …

1. Review the introduction to Lab topic 15, Plant Diversity I, and describe the

1. Review the introduction to Lab topic 15, Plant Diversity I, and describe the major trends in the evolution of land plants. Exercise 21.1 – Factors Influencing Seed Germination …

1. Review the specific contributions of the scientists whose work led to the est

1. Review the specific contributions of the scientists whose work led to the establishment of DNA as the genetic material: Griffith, Avery, Macleod, and McCarty, Chargaff, Hershey…

1. Rhizopus stolonifer reproduces sexually when adjacent hyphae of the two matin

1. Rhizopus stolonifer reproduces sexually when adjacent hyphae of the two mating types release pheromones. reproduces only by sexual means. reproduces only by asexual means. 2. W…

1. Rigor mortis occurs after a person dies because muscle cells are no longer su

1. Rigor mortis occurs after a person dies because muscle cells are no longer supplied with ATP. This causes the muscles to become rigid and stuck in position. Based on your knowl…

1. Rita Schmidt, 74 years of age, is a female patient who was admitted to the su

1. Rita Schmidt, 74 years of age, is a female patient who was admitted to the surgical unit after undergoing removal of a section of the colon for colorectal cancer. The patient d…

1. Robert, a smoker, is 52 years old. He has elevated blood pressure, in part, d

1. Robert, a smoker, is 52 years old. He has elevated blood pressure, in part, due to an elevated erythrocyte count. Knowing that smokers often have reduced plasma O2 levels, expl…

1. Robert, a smoker, is 52 years old. He has elevated blood pressure, in part, d

1. Robert, a smoker, is 52 years old. He has elevated blood pressure, in part, due to an elevated erythrocyte count. Knowing that smokers often have reduced plasma O2 levels, expl…

1. Rock magnetism and plate motion: A volcanic rock collected from the 10 degree

1. Rock magnetism and plate motion: A volcanic rock collected from the 10 degrees north latitude is found to contain a “fossil” magnetic inclination of +45 degrees (positive count…

1. Roman employment and work by first describing the relationship between an \"e

1. Roman employment and work by first describing the relationship between an "employer" and a "worker" (though usually this was more likely to describe a head-of-household and som…

1. Rosalind Franklin obtained X-ray diffraction patterns of crystalline B-form D

1. Rosalind Franklin obtained X-ray diffraction patterns of crystalline B-form DNA, which is essential for Watson and Crick to discover the DNA structure. A) True B) False 2. Prot…

1. Rosalind Franklin obtained X-ray diffraction patterns of crystalline B-form D

1. Rosalind Franklin obtained X-ray diffraction patterns of crystalline B-form DNA, which is essential for Watson and Crick to discover the DNA structure. A) True B) False 2. Prot…

1. Rotenone is an insecticide that kills by blocking the later stages of aerobic

1. Rotenone is an insecticide that kills by blocking the later stages of aerobic respiration. Which of the following statements about insects poisoned by rotenone is most likely t…

1. Run SDS-PAGE with 10% resolving gel, 3% stacking gel. Use 50 ug of protein fr

1. Run SDS-PAGE with 10% resolving gel, 3% stacking gel. Use 50 ug of protein from each subcellular fraction. 80V thru stacker, 180V thru resolving. Why do we run the gel slower t…

1. SABATOGE- In a very successful, 120-physician group practice, all patient app

1. SABATOGE- In a very successful, 120-physician group practice, all patient appointments for return visits are handled by the office assistant in each physician’s office. The off…

1. SAT flashback...Pick the words from the list share the same relationship as t

1. SAT flashback...Pick the words from the list share the same relationship as the words in the folowing sentence: "Start Codon" is to "Ribosome" as ______ is to ________. Select …

1. SDS-PAGE can be used to determine: a) whether subunits in a protein complex a

1. SDS-PAGE can be used to determine: a) whether subunits in a protein complex are identical or not. b) the molecular mass of a native protein complex. c) the overall charge on a …

1. SIMPLE CLONING EXERCISE In the genome sequence of Propionibacterium acnes (ba

1. SIMPLE CLONING EXERCISE In the genome sequence of Propionibacterium acnes (bacterium that causes acne), you have discovered a gene predicted to encode a lipase. This is an enzy…

1. SKETCH or MAP the experimental design that is explained in the Methods sectio

1. SKETCH or MAP the experimental design that is explained in the Methods section. 2. Interpret (in your own words) how the data were analyzed statistically. 3. Interpret Figure 1…

1. Saguaro cacti have 2 L-shaped arms and you have one with arms that are differ

1. Saguaro cacti have 2 L-shaped arms and you have one with arms that are different lengths. Arm length in the cactus is controlled by one gene. Arms of the same length (A) are do…

1. Salinity in the oceans is highest in regions where _______ is high and ______

1. Salinity in the oceans is highest in regions where _______ is high and _______ is low. A. Evaporation; Precipitation B. Precipitation; Evaporation C. Temperature; Evaporation D…

1. Saltatory conduction: (check all that apply) A) causes the AP to jump between

1. Saltatory conduction: (check all that apply) A) causes the AP to jump between nodes B) requires a myelin sheath C) is on unmyelinated fibers D)causes erratic transmission 2. Th…