What are the primary functions of roots and what aspects of root structure facil
ID: 100743 • Letter: W
Question
What are the primary functions of roots and what aspects of root structure facilitate each function? Which is closer to the vascular tissues, the endodermis or the pericycle? During germination, from where does a seedling get nutrients to grow? After germination and throughout the life of the plant, from where does a seedling get nutrients to grow? Draw a sketch, at the tissue level, of what a dicot stem would look like after significant secondary growth and label the regions of phloem, cambium, and xylem. How is the arrangement of vascular bundles conducive to secondary growth in dicots, but not in monocots?Explanation / Answer
Answer 1:
Roots are those underground portions of a plant that store food, absorb water and minerals from the soil, and anchor the plant in the earth.The extensive root systems of plants are effective collectors of water and minerals necessary for the life of the plant.The major functions of roots, thus, can be summarized simply as absorption, conduction, storage, and anchorage.
Some major functions of roots are given below:
The major structural adaption of roots are directly related to their function.The root’s structure facilitates each of its functions.
At the base of the root cap is a meristem that produces cells that form the cap. The meristem pushes cells forward into the cap, which protects the tip of the growing root as it forces its way through the soil. Surrounding the outside of the root cap are peripheral cells. Peripheral cells produce and secrete large amounts of a slimy, water-soluble substance called mucigel. Mucigel has several important functions. t protects roots from desiccation and contains compounds that diffuse into the soil and inhibit growth of other roots. Mucigel also lubricates roots as they force their way between soil particles. Soil particles bind tightly to mucigel, thus increasing the root’s contact with the soil, which helps roots absorb water.
Cells of the quiescent center become active when the tip of the root is damaged. When this occurs, the quiescent cells divide rapidly to form cells to repair the damaged root tip. The quiescent center also organizes the patterns of primary growth in roots.
The sub apical region of roots consists of three zones: the zone of cellular division, the zone of cellular elongation, and the zone of cellular maturation.
Answer 2:
Pericycle is closer to the vascular tissue. Pericycle is a cylinder (made up of parenchyma or sclerenchyma cells) which is present between endodermis and vascular tissue.Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants. The primary components of vascular tissue are the xylem and phloem.
Answer 3:
Seedling gets nutrients from seed during germination. During its early stages of growth, the seedling relies upon the food supplies stored with it in the seed until it is large enough for its own leaves to begin making food through photosynthesis.
After germination, seedling gets nutrients through phototsynthesis process throughout their life.
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