NITRILE HYDROLYSIS Numerous synthetic methods are available for preparing carbox

Question

NITRILE HYDROLYSIS Numerous synthetic methods are available for preparing carboxylic ac nitrile method, a two-step sequence hydrolysis to the carboxylic acid. The nitrile is already at the requires only the exchange of the three bonds to nitrogen of the nitrile group CCN) for three equivalent bonds to oxygen, catalyzing with either acid or base. In this hydrolysis reaction, substitutions take place in a rapid stepwise sequence without interruption, passing through intermediate functiona the involving first the synthesis of a nitrile followed by proper stage of oxidation and a reaction readily accomplished by heating with water and H and NH before reaching the fully hydrolyzed carboxylic acid. lves successive In the case of base catalysis, the substitution of nitrogen by oxygen invo nucleophilic addition steps by OH on the electrophilic carbon o intermediates, with final elimination of ammonia. When heated with ammonia is a diagnostic test for nitriles and unsubstituted amides. NaoH, the scent of O-EN

Explanation / Answer

Given, weight of benzonitrile is taken 3 ml. And density is 1 g/cm3. So amount used = 3 g . Molecular weight of benzonitrile is 103.04 g/ml And the product benzoic acid obtained is 1.914 gm. Molecular weight of benzoic acid is 122.12 g/ml. So amount of product obtained from 103.04 g reactant is 122.12 g to get 100 % yield. So amount of product should obtained to get 100% yield from 3 g reactant is (122.12÷103.04)×3 = 3.55 g. And the calculated yield is 1.914 g. So % of yield = (1.914÷3.55)×100 % =53.9 %

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