14- Write \"True\" or \"False\" at the beginning of each of the following statem

Question

14- Write "True" or "False" at the beginning of each of the following statements: a) Alcohols are more polar than alkanes, but less polar than thiols False b) Alcohols are flammable, but thiols are not. c) At same number of C, a thiol is less soluble in water than an alcohol is d) In the structure of an alcohol R-OH, the R is hydrophobic and the OH is hydrophillic. An aldehyde boils at higher temperature than an alkane at same number of C because two molecules of the aldehyde can make hydrogen bonding. e) From each of the following pairs, select by circle or highlight the compound that has lower boilingpoint 15- a) Hexan-1-ol and Heptan-1-o b) Octan-1-ol and Octanal c) Pentane-1-thiol and Hexane-2-ol d) Hexan-3-ol and hexan-3-one e) Ethyl methyl ether and Propan-1-ol 16- From each of the following pairs, select by circle (or highlight) the compound that is a) Pentanal and Pentan-1-ol b) Butan-2-one and Propan-2-one c) Heptan-1-ol and Octan-1-ol d) Pentane and Hexanal e) Hexan-1-ol and Hexanoic acid

Explanation / Answer

14. A) The first part of the statement is correct and second part is wrong. So overall the statement is considered galse.

Electronegativity of an atom is its tendency to attract a shared pair of electrons in a molecule. Oxygen is more electronegative than Sulphur. So O-H bond is more polar than S-H bond, and C-O bond is more polar than C-S bond. So alcohols are more polar than thiols. Also Oxygen is more electronegative than Carbon, so C-O bond and O-H bond are more polar than C-H bond. So Alcohols are more polar than alkanes.

B) Both alcohols and thiols are flammable i.e. they can catch fire easily. So this is a false statement.

C) Because of the larger size and less electronegativity of Sulphur atom as compared to oxygen, the extent of association between water molecules and a thiols molecule will be less as compared to the strong hydrogen bonding between water molecule and an alcohol molecule. So for the same number of C atoms, thiols are less soluble in water as compared to alcohols. So the statement is true.

D) The statement is true as R means the non-polar end which is repellwdby water (hydrophobic) and OH is the polar part which is attracted by water (hydrophilic) to the presence of more electronegative O (as compared to C and H).

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