Chemistry Lesson 17 Key Question #17 1. Why are oxygen and nitrogen important ga

Question

Chemistry Lesson 17 Key Question #17 1. Why are oxygen and nitrogen important gases in our atmosphere? (2 marks) 2. Why is it important to decrease the level of greenhouse gases in the Earth's 3. a. What is the Kyoto Protocol? (2 marks) atmosphere? (3 marks) b. Canada has set up various initiatives in an attempt to meet the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol. Discuss in a 1 to 2-page report (single spaced, size 12 font) the effectiveness of such initiatives. You may choose to focus on one particular initiative, or several of them. Be sure to provide valid supporting points. (8 marks) Write a 1 to 2-page response (single spaced, size 12 font) to the question: Which kind of diaper creates more air pollution: disposable or cloth? Be sure to choose one opinion and support your opinion with evidence (from the 4. Environment Canada article and/or other references). (10 marks)

Explanation / Answer

1.Nitrogen is used to make ammonia. Nitrogen occurs in all organisms, primarily in amino acids (and thus proteins), in the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and in the energy transfer molecule adenosine triphosphate. The human body contains about 3% nitrogen by mass, the fourth most abundant element in the body after oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. The nitrogen cycle describes movement of the element from the air, into the biosphere and organic compounds, then back into the atmosphere. Many bacteria convert nitrogen into a form that plants can absorb. This is essential for plants to grow. So, if there was no nitrogen, there would be very few plants. Like a handful in the whole world. They would also have to convert other compounds into a form of nitrogen that they can absorb.

oxygen is used in cellular respiration and many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain oxygen, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, as do the major constituent inorganic compounds of animal shells, teeth, and bone. Most of the mass of living organisms is oxygen as a component of water, the major constituent of lifeforms.

2 . Increases in the different greenhouse gases have other effects apart from global warming including ocean acidification, smog pollution, ozone depletion as well as changes to plant growth and nutrition levels.

Global warming is harming the environment in several ways including:

Desertification
Increased melting of snow and ice
Sea level rise
Stronger storms and extreme events.

Increases in carbon dioxide levels have made the world's oceans more acidic . So , it is very important to decrease the level of green house gases in atmosphere .

3.The Kyoto Protocol is an international treatywhich extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and it is extremely likely that human-made CO2 emissions have predominantly caused it.

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