Provide a rationale for why polar protic solvents such as water are not favorabl

Question

Provide a rationale for why polar protic solvents such as water are not favorable for the S_N2 reaction and aprotic solvents such as DMF is favorable for the S_N2 reaction. Be specific in your explanation. What would be the experimental impact of increasing the concentration of the S_N2 reaction by a factor of 4? Provide a detailed rationale for your prediction. From an experimental standpoint, would the reaction be more favorable had 1-iodobulane had been used instead of 1-bromobutanc? Provide a rationale for your answer.

Explanation / Answer

polar protic molecules form hydrogen bonding which surrounds the nucleophile from reagent and this reduce nucleophilicity . Polar aprotic solvent on other hand repel the nucleophile and increases their speed thus favouring SN2

RATE = [reactant]^2
increasing concentration by 4, increases rate by 16 times

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