Calculate the number of components present in each of the following situations:

Question

Calculate the number of components present in each of the following situations: (a) Water, including autodissociation into H^+ and OH^- ions. (b) Consider the following reaction in a closed container: 2NH_3(g) = N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) (i) All three gases were present initially in arbitrary amounts, but the temperature is too low for the reaction to occur. (ii) Same as (i), but the temperature is raised sufficiently to allow for the equilibrium to be established. (iii) Initially only NH_3 was present. The system is then allowed to reach equilibrium.

Explanation / Answer

(a)

H2O (l) <--------------> H+ (aq.) + OH- (aq.)

Three componants are present.

(b)

2 NH3 (g) <-------------> N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) ,

(i) The forward reaction is endothermic in nature and since the temperature is too low to occur the reaction,

Only NH3 is prsent.

(ii)

Since equilibrium is being established,

All the three componants NH3, N2 and H2 are present.

(iii)

All the three componants are present.

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