can ypu help me with #19 and 23 14. What are the organisms associated with Biote

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can ypu help me with #19 and 23

14. What are the organisms associated with Bioterrorism? 15. What pathogens are associated with artificial devices? 16. Name two opportunistic pathogens that should be identified from females in child bearing ages? 17. What is the difference between Presumptive identification and definitive identification? 18. How is hybridization techniques used in the microbiology department? 19. What does a 0.5 McFarland equivalent mean in terms of the number of organisms. a. What is the impact on susceptibility if you use a 0.25 McFarland? b. What is the impact on susceptibility if you use a 1.0 McFarland? 20. What are TCDa and TCDb? 21. What environmental controls are used to prevent the spread of fungal spores? 22. How long is a vaginitis screen specimen good for under the following conditions? a. Preserved b. Unpreserved c. Processed 23. What types of organism will be recovered from the following agars? a. MacConkey b. Columbia CNA with 5%SB c. Chocolate d. Hektoen Enteric e. Thioglycollate Broth

Explanation / Answer

19.  McFarland equivalent mean could be referred as turbidity factor of suspension where you can define the range in term of number of bacteria in suspension. This range could be helpful to standardize the microbiological test. Suppose we are standardizing the antibiotic dose In that case the objective will be to find the minimum concentration of suspension which will able to prevent the bacterial activity. This McFarland equivalent mean will gave the define range of absorbance on 600nm wavelength. For example at 0.5 McFarland equivalent mean it will have absorbance in between 0.08 to 1.   

As this equivalent mean increases from 0.5 onwards to 1.0 then the cell density in per ml of suspension will be increase and that can be observed through absorbance.

To find the impact on susceptibility the analyses should be start from lower concentration that is 0.25 McFarland. In this case the response will be low or that could be negligible. At McFarland 1.0 the susceptibility response will be higher because of higher concentration.

20.

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