34) Which of the following mRNA molecules would form the most stable stem-loop s

Question

34) Which of the following mRNA molecules would form the most stable stem-loop structure? 3' 35) A set of genes from Bacillus subtilis that encode the proteins required for sporulation have conserved DNA sequences -35 and-10 nucleotides before the site of transcript initiation, although the sequence at -35 is different from that seen in most other genes from that species. Which of the following best explains this difference? (A) A novel sigma factor is required for transcription initiation at these genes (B) The -35 sequence is the binding site for a repressor of transcription (C) The replication of these genes requires a specifically modified DNA polymerase (D) Translation of the mRNAs transcribed from these genes requires specific ribosomes that recognize a modified Shine-Dalgarno sequence (E) Transcription of these genes is induced by cAMP

Explanation / Answer

Please find the answers below:

Answer 34: Choice B (A stem-loop structure is formed when the nucleotides have self-complementarity after the gap of a few bases, say 5-10 thus forming a sel-complementary structure)

Answer 35: Choice D (The -35 to -10 base pair sequences are the evolutionarily conserved and consensus Shine-Dalgarno sequence of the upstream promoter region of the DNA. Hence, a special promoter is required for transcription which can identify this sequence)

Answer 36: Choice D (The enzyme reverse transcriptase generates copies of cDNA by using RNA as a primer, hence an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in nature)

Answer 37: Choice D (Since four codons will be encoding, the maximum number of amino acids would be 44 or 256)

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