1. Identifying the color of a bird in a tree would involve your P-type ganglion

Question

1.

Identifying the color of a bird in a tree would involve your P-type ganglion cells.

True

False

2. Phototransduction in rods involves the G-protein transducin. Light leads to the bleaching of rhodopsin which stimulates transducin in the disk membrane, which in turn activates the effector enzyme ...................... (full name), which breaks down the cGMP that is normally present in the cytoplasm of the rod (in the dark) thanks to the enzyme guanylyl cyclase. Reduction in cGMP causes ............................... (name of ion) channels to close and the membrane then hyperpolarizes.

Explanation / Answer

1. TRUE p-type ganglion cells respond to changes in color but respond only weakly to changes in contrast unless the change is great

2. PHOSPHODIESTERASE is responsible for breakdown of cGMP into 5'GMP. which in turn causes sodium (Na+) channels to close and the membrane then hyperpolarize due to ongoing efflux of potassium ions. this leads to closure of calcium channels and release of glutamate also drops. depolarization of On center bipolar cells (rod and cone On bipolar cells) and hyperpolarization of cone off-center bipolar cells

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